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FAQs on Marine Algae Identification 11
Related Articles: Avoiding Algae
Problems in Marine System,
Algae Control,
Marine Maintenance, Nutrient
Control and Export, Marine Scavengers,
Snails,
Hermit Crabs,
Mithrax/Emerald Green Crabs, Sea Urchins,
Blennies, Algae Filters,
Ctenochaetus/Bristle Mouth Tangs,
Zebrasoma/Sailfin Tangs, Skimmers,
Skimmer Selection, Marine Algae,
Coralline Algae, Green Algae,
Brown Algae, Blue-Green
"Algae"/(Cyanobacteria), Diatoms,
Brown Algae, Related FAQs:
Marine Algae ID 1, Marine Algae ID 2,
Marine Algae ID 3,
Marine Algae ID 4, Marine
Algae ID 5,
Marine Algae ID 6, Marine
Algae ID 7, Marine Algae ID 8,
Marine Algae ID 9, Marine Algae ID
10, Marine Algae ID 12,
Marine Algae ID 13, Marine Algae ID
14, Marine Algae ID 15,
Marine Algae ID 16, Marine Algae ID 17,
Marine Algae ID 18, Marine Algae ID 19,
Marine Algae ID 20, Marine Algae ID 21,
Marine Algae ID 22, Marine Algae ID 23,
Marine Algae ID 24, Marine Algae ID,
25, & Marine Algae Control FAQs 2,
Marine Algaecide Use, Nutrient
Limitation, Marine Algae Eaters,
Culturing Macro-Algae;
Controlling: BGA/Cyano,
Red/Encrusting Algae, Green Algae,
Brown/Diatom Algae, | 
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Algae Or Cyano 12/22/06 Dear Crew, <Nicole> I'm
sorry for bothering you during the holidays but I've got some green
and red algae that is popping up all over my tank and I'm not sure
what it is and what I need to do! <No bother, is what we are
here for.> I've looked through your website and I'm not able to
ID it; however, I do believe it may be Cyanobacteria. <Does not
appear to be Cyano. Cyano generally grows in sheets. What you have
is typical red algae quite common on developing live rock.> On
the first, second and fourth pictures you can see these green chunks
in the sand and green on the live rock. The third picture has red
"hair like" stuff growing on it. I switched tanks (from 12 gal.
Eclipse to 24 gal. Nano) approximately three to four months ago and
do a 20-30% water change every three weeks or so with RO water.
<Would be much better doing three gallons weekly. It will help
control the growth and limit spreading. Do consider using a
carbon/resin media such as Chemi-Pure which effectively removes
dissolved nutrients from the water.> At that time I will drop in
a balance block. <Would not use this. Maintain pH/dKH with
additives designed for this purpose.> There's also a lot of
Bryopsis?. <Will pass in time with continued water maintenance.>
I have a green emerald crab (that's turning white - adding iodine)
that doesn't seem to be attacking that and I was told it would.
<Emerald Crabs are generally used in controlling Bubble Algae. Will
not make much of a dent in your type. If you do not already have
hermits and snails, their addition will help algae control also.>
Anyway, would you please help me to identify these things and
advise me as to what I should or shouldn't do? <It is a
pleasing effect in what I'm looking at. I'd leave it alone unless
it gets out of hand. Watch your bio-load, keeping it low keeps
nutrients low.> Thanks a lot and happy holidays to you all!!!
<And to you, Nicole. James (Salty Dog)> Respectfully,
Nicole | 
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Black hairline vegetation on LR 7/15/06 I had bought some
new Fiji Live rock to add to a nano that I have at work. One of the
pieces has this thin, bristly, black hair-like vegetation growing from
it. Each one is about 3" long. I pulled a few pieces of this off and
tossed it into my freshwater tank, they turned to a grass-like vibrant
green and eventually died after a week or two. I brought that piece of
rock home and put it in my larger 75 reef tank. It has since grown a bit
out of control and is spreading very fast across my reefscape. I am
worried that it is starting to encroach on some of my SPS and Zoa's.
There is actually a colony of zoanthids that has these "bristles"
growing in between each polyp, it's very strange looking. What are
these, and should I get rid of them while I can? Thanks so much!
<Very likely this is a Green Algae (my guess either of the genus
Derbesia or Bryopsis... see WWM, Google's images re...). Hard to "get
rid of"... though there are some techniques gone over on our site
(Algae, Green Algae "Compatibility"...). If confined to one or a few
rocks, I might consider scrubbing this material off... Bob Fenner>
-Jeremy Algae identification ... SW, sans pic
7/13/06 Hi crew! <Samuel> I read (painfully) through the
10 pages on algae control, learning much (but not what I was trying to
find out!). I find it difficult not knowing even the common name of
the algae I have. If you could ID it for me I would appreciate it! I am
in the process of setting up a fuge so hopefully I can control the
algae to stay in there. - but I doubt it! (: The algae is a deep
purple/brown colour. It starts out as a thin mat on my substrate
(primarily) and rocks (to some extent). Gas bubbles are very noticeably
produced once the algae grows into a thicker mat. When it reaches
this stage it can be peeled off easily (so apart from looking bad this
algae is probably quite a good way of removing nutrients!). It looks
somewhat like the algae in the picture at the top of this page:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/algcontFAQsMar.htm Thank you so much
for your help! Sam McMenamin <Mmm... very likely a BGA...
Cyanobacteria... if you can "scope" it under a few hundred power of
magnification you'd be able to discern this to the Division level as a
Moneran... Please read here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/bluegralgae.htm and the linked files
above... I would be devising a plan to reduce this noxious life form to
unnoticeable level. Bob Fenner> Re: Algae identification,
Likely BGA 7/14/06 Thanks for that ID Bob! I guess I simply
overlooked blue-green because I assumed it would be...well...Blue/green
(not red/brown!!!) <Heeeee~! Comes in a myriad of colors!> I
currently have only a small wrasse and one green Chromis in my 150
gallon tank so I doubt that overfeeding is an issue! (I am converting to
small predator tank currently but this problem needs to be solved
first!) However, recently my brittle star has taken to eating my smaller
fish! (a Chromis and a blue damsel) <Ah, yes...> I was unable to
find the Chromis so perhaps this is the source of nutrients?
<Some...> After my old protein skimmer went to God there was a break
of perhaps a month in which I had no foam fractioning (another thing
mentioned in the article!) <Ah ha!> Now - to solving the
problem! I think I have adequate flow (3 x 3000 litre per hour
powerheads and one 2000lph powerhead in display tank with a 6500 lph
sump pump with a separate 3500 lph pump for my large new protein
skimmer) Oh...gallons - I think 3000lph is 750gph to give you some idea.
<Yes> As I said I now have a large protein skimmer going (though not
for longer than a week yet) and I run a 36W UV sterilizer. The article
mentioned ozone as a good control method... I have an ozone
processor which I used for two days before a slight smell convinced me I
need to build a proper reactor before it is safe. (next school
holidays I think!) Oh and I have been removing by hand whenever it comes
back with little success! <Mmm, likely the UV is producing a goodly
amount of O3... do you have a means of measuring Redox potential?> I
run 2 x 150W MH plus 2 x 18W PC plus 2 x 40W fluoro actinics. I am
adding some more light soon for aesthetics only but I believe this is
enough light to favour other algae. <Yes> As I mentioned I am
right in the middle of setting up a fuge which I hope - after reading
the article - will deal with the problem before I add my harlequin
tusk, magnificent Foxface, large clowns and snowflake eel! <Oh...
yes... this should work out fine> I hope the fuge will solve all the
worlds problems... ... ... <One at a time... with the occasional
double-header to keep things interesting...> But just in case it
doesn't do you have any more specific suggestions? <Mmm, keep your
beer in a cool place... that's about it for today> Thank you so
much! Now that it is ID'd I can start reading up I guess! Sam
McMenamin <Thanks for this "further along" Sam. Bob Fenner>
Mystery Red Soft Coral ID ... actually a Rhodophyte 7/12/06
Hey crew, <Yawnnnn! G'morning> Thanks for all of your
previous help, in your kind responses to my past letters, and in the
awe-inspiring resource you provide. I'm currently at a loss as
to identification of this lovely growth that has sprouted up
recently. <Mmm... tis a Rhodophyte... likely a Nemastoma sp. See
here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/redalgae.htm> I purchased this
colony of Ricordea mushrooms, specifically for the large mushroom
visible in the pictures. Upon bringing it home, I found 2 other
small Ricordeas on the rock, and shortly after, the main Ric split
itself and formed a 4th. (The other mushrooms are visible about
midway up the rock, just right of the main Ric, and below and to
the right of the 2nd spot of the mysterious red growth). About a
month after bringing home this beautiful specimen, I began to
notice red 'bubbly' growth on the rock, in 2 spots that appeared to
previously be a very dark crimson red coralline growth. Now, after 3
months, its becoming large enough to discern shapes and polyps on,
and I know I've got something interesting on my hands, I just don't
know what. <A red algae> The appearance of it reminds me of
stacked shingles, as it appears to be a very dense 'pile' of
translucent soft red. There are darker red spots, that are hard
to discern in the picture, which present small polyps during the
day. The upper cluster of the growth is about an inch wide, and
about 3 inches long, with the lower growth being a patch just under
1 square inch. Any ideas? Thanks, Justin <Not to
worry... Bob Fenner> | 
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Pink Fuzzy/Hairy Algae Balls 7/10/06 Hi, <Hi> I have
this pink fuzzy/hairy algae balls growing in my fuge. The furry balls
attach to the walls, rocks, or Chaeto. It's the same color as pink
coralline encrusting algae. Can you tell me what it is? <Most likely
cyanoBACTERIA. Methods of control available here
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/bluegralgae.htm .> Here are some
pictures. (In the first, you can see some on the sides of the glass and
the rocks; the second is a close-up of some on top of the Chaeto.)
Thanks! Jason <Chris> | 
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Red "Turf" Algae - 06/11/06 Hello, I am going to be a bother
again as I have yet another question. <<Alrighty>> I have
noticed some red algae in my tank in a couple of locations. The algae
does not appear to be Cyanobacteria as it is not slimy but rather
threadlike. It is so far quite short and very attached to the
rock...yesterday I tried pulling it off but it is nearly impossible to
remove. <<Ahh yes, am familiar with this algae...quite
tenacious/difficult to eradicate>> Is this something I should be
concerned about? <<Depends...in my experience this algae does not
encroach/grow upon sessile invertebrates, but rather covers the bare
rock surfaces surrounding them. However, it can limit growth of your
corals by restricting their "spread" upon the rocks. All in all this
algae is less "unsightly" in my opinion than most of the other so-called
nuisance algae, but you should still try to determine the source
of/limit its growth>> Is there such a thing as red hair algae?
<<Many types of algae...this short turf-type algae is fairly common>>
I looked through your database of red algae but cannot decide from the
photos what it could be. Sorry for the lack of a picture but it is so
short I'm not sure you would be able to see it. Like I said before it
is very short and very tough I have seen green hair algae and this
appears to be more course than that. <<Possibly a form of
Polysiphonia>> My water parameters are all good, except alkalinity
which I have written to you about previously. <<This may be factor
in your algae problem>> Ammonia 0, nitrite 0, nitrate 0, calcium
400ppm, temp 78, salinity 1.023 and phosphate less than 0.2 ppm.
Thank you very much, Ryan Nienhuis....please let me know if I am driving
you nuts with all the emails. <<Nope>> Also I was told my poor
alkalinity is probably due to hydrogen sulfide buildup in my sand which
is about 3 inches deep. <<Mmm, I don't necessarily agree...but I do
prefer a sand bed an inch or three deeper. Also...increasing your pH
and alkalinity through careful dosing of Kalkwasser may go a long way
towards helping with the nuisance algae>> I was wondering if you
could recommend some sand sifters for me, I do have a Trachyphyllia
brain on the sand bed and don't want him getting covered up. <<I
really like the dragon goby (Amblygobius phalaena) for this
purpose. And don't fret to much about the brain coral and sand
particles. As long as it is meant to be on the substrate (conical/wedge
shaped skeleton) it will have mechanisms for dealing with a bit of
sediment accumulation>> I also already have plenty of bristleworms.
<<An excellent/beneficial detritivore>> Thanks again. <<Happy to
assist, EricR>> Red algae - 05/05/2006 I have had an issue
with red bubble algae for sometime now. By searching the FAQ I initially
thought it was Botryocladia. I now am not sure of this. Reasons
being that in other responses it was said that many predators would feed
on this and it would disappear soon. <Sometimes...> I have had
the problem for nearly a year now and it is worsening. Though I do not
have a picture of this I can tell you that it does not grow on a stalk
or vine like the Botryocladia in pictures I have seen, but rather
directly on the rocks, filters covers and even snail shells. I have
tried manually removing the bubbles but while attempting this I
popped a bubble and a gel was secreted. <... this is likely a
blue-green algae... not a Rhodophyte> I can only guess that this is
how the algae reproduces because it spread like bird flue after that.
The best way I can describe the culprit is to say it looks like a
strawberry. Any ideas or predator suggestions would help. <... do
you have access to a microscope of two hundred plus power? Bob Fenner>
Agent Orange algae? 5/4/06 I have noticed brightly
colored orange spots where I have red algae in my tank. My red algae is
not taking over the tank and I like the look of it in the tank. I am
a bit concerned that a new looking algae I have never seen before.
<Might not be an algae> I have heard of CLOD <As in soil?>
and was not sure if I should be concerned about this. I know it is rare
in the wild even more rare in the hobby. I tried to photograph it
but it does not come up on my digital camera. Any suggestions to
photographing it will be welcomed. Thank you, Homerj <...
some input is posted on WWM re such, and much on the Net... see there.
Bob Fenner>
Strange Algae??? - 04/27/06 Hey
guys, Algae question- I have an algae starting on one or two
baseball size rocks. It is red/maroon in color. It seems to have a
white under color around the exposed edges but it covers the rock
completely, and as it took over the rock, it always appeared to be full
and round with no rough edges. It's very smooth and thick. It has to
be over 1/4" thick. To the touch it feels like a stiffer Jell-O
mold. It is not bad looking but should I be concerned? <Mmm, I
would not be> It seems to be spreading a little. I have searched
over the algae pics and haven't been able to find any matches for this
type. Do you know of a good reference algae site with more pics?
<What I have is posted...> Could it be the Cyano or BGA? <Yes...
even a sponge of some sort> What should I do to eliminate it if it
is bad? <If concerned, you might remove the rocks, clean them, let
them air-dry> The substrate-Fiji pink- I got from a friend that
had it in a 65 reef for 4 years. I also got a few rocks. It was very
dirty and neglected when I cleaned the tank, but I remembered a strange
piece or 2 of slimy, floppy, mushy, thick maroon, kind of pail, 3" long,
Baby Ruth size (insert Caddyshack joke here!) <"You get a bowl of
soup with that rock?"> algae thing that was pretty gross and went
straight in the trash!!! Could this be a cleanly molded version of
that?? Is this a mold? <Perhaps times dos> As
always, thanks for you contribution to our hobby! This site always
proves invaluable for it's vast reference information. Thanks,
Randy <I would not be concerned. Bob Fenner>
Black wispy hair slime... BGA 4/21/06 Hello guys, I'm in
need of some help! I've had a new saltwater aquarium running for
about four weeks now, and I've got some very interesting and
gross growth on top of the substrate. <Very common> I've
read through most of the letters from people regarding brown algae
and even seen some of the pictures; none of these seem to match what
I've got going on (please see picture). It's like a fine
black/Smokey/wispy/hairline-slime covering my sand. <Yes...
assuredly a type of Cyanobacteria... BGA> Even when I siphon the
sand bed it just stirs up the gunk and it comes right back to the
sand surface. In my 55 gallon I've got about 35 lbs of live Lalo
Rock from LiveAquaria.com that I cured for two weeks, 60 lbs of
Fiji Pink Live sand, 6 small hermit crabs, a tiny horseshoe crab,
two emerald crabs, a peppermint shrimp, a Pacific Blue Tang, and
a Royal Gramma. <You should (have) waited on these fishes...>
I've been really careful about overfeeding the fish, and have
probably been underfeeding, if anything. I'm using compact
fluorescent (2x65w actinic, 2x65w 10,000k), I'm running 3
powerheads, a Remora Pro skimmer, a canister filter <Read about
these... not great for use on most marine systems> with BioMax
media, and I have two 150 watt heaters. The skimmer is skimming
some good stuff, NH3=0.25ppm, NO2=0, NO3=0-2.5ppm , PH=8.2-8.3, Temp
is 76.3º, SG= 1.022. <I'd raise this to 1.025> I've
been doing water changes weekly. A couple things that I did that
weren't so smart: 1. Add the two fish to my aquarium, I didn't
really want them but my boss was going to flush them if I didn't
take them from him. 2. I added reef crystals directly to my aquarium
about a week ago because the salinity was low (I immediately
felt like an idiot, I'm sure that I should have added an aqueous
version of the salt mix to the tank). My boss also gave me about
15 lbs of live rock that I no longer have in my tank after noticing
about 15 Aiptasia (that's why I have the shrimp) and a plethora
of pink bristle worms on and in the rock. I don't think that any of
the Aiptasia made it to my new live rock, fingers crossed. Anyways,
I need some help. Thanks for your time, and I've really
appreciated all that I've already learned from the website! Matt
<This too shall likely pass... but more aeration, circulation,
growing other types of algae... Please see WWM re Cyano control:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/bluegralgae.htm and the linked
files above. Bob Fenner> | 
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Brown algae ID, Anemonefish egg fertility, H. crispa repro. 4/21/06
Hello, <Hi there> I have had some type of algae in my 75 gal
reef tank for about a year now. It has been slowly but surely spreading
everywhere in that time. It is brown, and sometimes it is plating, and
other times it is encrusting. It usually spreads in a round shape, and
kind of has the texture/feel of cartilage. <I see it> It is very
hard to remove, and has a slimy white fuzz on its surface. It wasn't
really a problem at first, but is everywhere now. I don't have any other
algae problems, and i have Chaeto in my fuge. I will attach a few
picture to help with an ID. My emerald crabs don't eat it, and i would
really like to get rid of it. <The one pic looks like Peyssonnelia.
See here:
http://wetwebmedia.com/redalgae.htm> Also, my orange percula and
my black ocellaris have laid eggs together and take turns guarding the
eggs. there are about 50 and they are orange with a silver dot in them.
How do i tell if they are fertile? <Wait and see if they hatch out>
It is hard to get a good look, because they are under the edge of their
sebae. <Natural> Lastly, i have been looking for quite some
time, and i can't find anything on the reproduction of sebae anemones. I
heard that they cannot reproduce asexually, <Mmm, not so... do leave
buds behind, undergo schizogyny...> but there is a picture of one
doing that on your site. If this is possible, how do i get mine to do
that? Where can i find more information on this. <See Anthony
Calfo's works on "coral" propagation> Thanks in advance for all the
help! Dan <Bob Fenner> | 
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Unknown algae, not useful message 4/14/06 Hi
all, I know your all busy, love Anthony and Bob's books, and have
started on their collective works. Have had a new algae growth and was
wondering what it was. It appears harmless and to be a macro. It is
fairly slow growing and I have seen some pods taking to it.
Also have a 6-8" tall Sea Grapes plant growing. I have read mixed
reviews on it and was wondering if it was a problem. I think it looks
nice and is conveniently growing right in the center front of the
display. If needed I will get rid of it. <Not a question...
Caulerpas are covered on WWM> One more quick question, I have a
brittle star that I have had for about 6 months. It is the only one in
the tank. It's about 10-12" tip to tip. About a week or so ago it
has produced an offspring. I haven't found any info on asexual
reproduction of brittle stars, but I have a new addition none the less.
It has been wrapped around the central disc of the parent since then
and is growing. Could it actually be some sort of hitchhiker predator of
my starfish. Well thanks for all your work, it is a great service to
many newcomers like myself. Here is a link to my pics of all three
questions on a Yahoo group that I am learning from as well.
http://ph.groups.yahoo.com/group/reefcity/photos/browse/a80f
Thank You, Rick <Not a useful link. Bob Fenner>
Coral and Algae ID 3/15/06 Hi Crew! <John> Just
a quick question if you please. I have attached the picture as well
as insert it into this mail. First, can you tell me what the coral
is in the yellow circle under the mushroom corals? It stays
retracted like that during the day, but seems to "bloat" when the
lights go off at night. <Perhaps a juvenile Mussid... can barely
make it out> It has grown a little in size since the rock was
placed in the tank a little over two weeks ago. Also, is the object
in the second circle and pretty much all over the rest of the
rocks BGA? <Yes, of some sort> At first, I know I am going
to sound like a newbie, but it is okay, because I am :), <No
worries> I thought it was red coralline algae. However, when
cleaning my tank today I noticed with a little effort that it can be
scraped off an it only on the parts of the rock that receive direct
light. It appears no where else in the tank than on the live
rocks. I do 10-25 % water changes weekly (With R.O water). I have
been adding calcium and strontium (Sp) to the tank as well as Iodine
for the skunk cleaner shrimp. My levels are all zero with the
exception of my nitrite which this week was at .25 ppm. <Mmm,
this is a clue... should be zip> My ph is 8.3 . I am also using
a Berlin Airlift skimmer that is one of their in-tank models. That
also gets cleaned weekly to insure proper operation. Thanks for the
assistance! Oh yes my SG is 1.023 Thanks! John <Do give
the articles, FAQs files on BGA, Algae Control a read over on WWM.
Bob Fenner> | 
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White Algae? - 03/13/2006 WetWeb Crew... This is the
fourth tank I've gotten going from the ground-up [ with many past
successes due in large part to WWM :-) ], and I've never seen this one
before... It looks like green hair algae, but is white (at least under
my heavily blue-tinted T5's.) Is this just common hair algae? <Mmm,
looks like a form of BGA...> My LR has been cycling for four
months, and was just moved into my display tank last week. Nitrates
are <5ppm, Phosphate is undetectable on consumer kit, Calc is between
350 and 375 ppm, Alk has been between 8 and 9 dKH, salinity is
stable at 1.023, and temp is stable at 76.5-77.0 F. I've Googled
WWM, ReefCentral, and Reefs.org, and haven't found anything quite like
this algae I have growing on my LR. Any thoughts? Thanks,
Sean Photos:
http://reefcentral.com/gallery/data/561/17595needIDalgae_03122006_1.jpg
http://reefcentral.com/gallery/data/561/17595needIDalgae_03122006_2.jpg
<No worries. Will cycle out likely in a short while. Bob Fenner>
Re: Caulerpa query 2/24/06 Hi Bob, <David> I an
trying to resend a pic of the Caulerpa and also of the unidentified
algae. <Got them... both appear to be Caulerpa spp.> I am
one of those who seen to have a problem getting queries through with
attachments so we'll see what happens. I have searched WWM for an
ID on the second algae to no avail. Thanks David
<The second may be C. pinnata... See the Net or Baensch V. 1
Marine Atlas, p. 302... perhaps C. flagelliformis in its
"small" stage. Bob Fenner> | 
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Cycling/Algae 2/14/06 Good Afternoon, I am a little confused on
my cycling process. I have a 75 gallon saltwater tank that I set up a
little over 3 weeks ago with 95 lbs of live rock, 80 lb dry sand and
40 lb of live sand. I have yet to see an ammonia spike, however I did
get a small increase to .50 ppm after about 4 days. My nitrites have
remained at 0 and for the last few days I have a nitrate reading of
10-20ppm. From what I have read and was told at my LFS, I should
have a definite jump in the ammonia reading. <Mmm, not always, no>
Am I just being to impatient or is it possible the LR cut down on the
symptoms of cycling? <Aquarists impatient? Is this possible? Are you
breathing? Yes... Heeee! Yes to your speculation, for sure> If ok, I
now plan to do a 50% water change and introduce several snails and a few
red legged hermits, I also have 2 yellow tail blue damsels in my
established 30 gallon tank that I would like to move over. <I would
do so> After this initial introduction, how long should I wait until
adding other livestock? <A week or more> Ultimately, I want a
mixed reef/fish tank. Sorry for so many questions, I do have one more
for now. I have attached a couple of pictures of what I assume is
algae that I have not been able to identify on WetWebFotos or any other
source. Please advise to what this is and how I should control it, as
there is a good amount that is starting to sprout up. Thank you for
your wonderful website, Eric. <Can't make out from the small pix,
but is almost assuredly a Green/Chlorophyte... and no trouble. Will
cycle out and be eaten... Useful. Bob Fenner> |
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