Celestial goldfish looking ill
Hi guys, great site.
I have a celestial goldfish, about 5 months old, in a 5 litre bowl by himself with some plastic plants, and gravel. I change 60% of the water on average every 2 weeks, using tap water to which water conditioner has been added the day before. I live in Sydney, Australia.
About a month ago - at the beginning of winter - my celestial started turning black from a small spot on his head. The black marking now almost covers his body (including tips of the fins), but aren't raised or fungus-looking.
a week ago I noticed a red ulcerated patch at the base of his tail, and straightaway treated it with a solution containing eucalyptus that commonly used for fin-rot in betta fish (on the recommendation of the pet store owner). I did a 75% water change as well, and moved him to a slightly warmer spot (1-2 C higher) in the house. I did another 60% water change a couple of days ago when I noticed the fish looking lethargic and a white scummy substance on the top of the water.
while the fish has never been very active and continues to feed well, he's looking lethargic, often swimming at the top of the bowl (but not gasping). his tail fin appears to be less red, but the iris in one of his eyes is larger than the other and appears to have a small red spot in it.
please help! I'm doing all I can think of, and I'd hate to have him die needlessly!
Thanks very much.
< If it is bacterial I would change half the water and treat with furanace. That should take care of the red patches. The black thing could just be genetic but the furanace should take care of that too.-Chuck>

Dropsy
Hi, Thank you for viewing my enquiry.
My fishes are encountering dropsy in my fish tank.
I've no possible cure for them and Epsom salt doesn't seem to readily available here in Singapore.
I was told, if fishes get dropsy, it's a almost gone case.
To cure it is really rare. It's really heart pain to hear that. 1 by 1 they go due to dropsy.
Can someone tell me how to see if my tank has some parasites n virus or something like that?
I really would like a tank of goldfishes because I really love them. But if by me having them and they go, its seems to me that I'm more like sending them to hell than anything like that. Currently, I've a top filter, but my filter is in a cylindrical shape, is it good? All the sponge everything is kept within the cone. Comparing with what others have, theirs is a open area where they can change the filters as and when they like. Is it possible that the cylindrical filter could have hidden some bacteria due to the fact that it's enclose and not like the others has access to the air that we breathe?
Can someone actually advice me to how to keep a tank of healthy goldfishes?  Over here in Singapore, climate are probably different n the available medications for fishes, some to me, seem to be just made to make money as they don't really have effects.
I'm on the verge of giving up keeping goldfishes.
Can someone please help me?
If there's someone from Singapore, all the more I would like to hear from him / her to guide me to keeping goldfishes.
Thanks a lot.
Thanks, Ivan
<<Dear Ivan, yes, dropsy is usually hard to cure. It is much better to prevent this than to have to treat it. The best way to keep goldfishes healthy is to do regular partial water changes, that is, change out 25-50% of the tank water each week, and do NOT put too many fishes in your tank. If you can find a nitrate test kit, you can use that to see how often to change the water. Keep the nitrates at 20-40ppm by doing a water change every time the level gets higher than that. Also, your filter is probably doing a fine job, the problem is most likely due to bad water quality. You must test your water with the test kit regularly. Bad water quality will almost always lead to sick fish. So, the problem is that now the fish are sick, and now the tank needs to be started over. In order to prevent any new fish from dying of the same problems, you need to add something to the tank while there are NO fish in it, to kill off any bad bacteria. Since you don't have access to any medications, you can try to sterilize the tank and filter by pouring a cup of vinegar into the tank, and letting it all run for a day or so...then do a 100% water change to remove the vinegar, and then you can start to add fish SLOWLY. You should take your time when adding new fish, because chances are the tank will need to re-cycle and you don't want ammonia problems. Again, get yourself some test kits, for ammonia, nitrites and nitrates. Perhaps you can do a search on the Internet to find out how to cycle a tank, maybe even find a website in your language. It would help you if you could do some reading, there are lots of sites out there to help you. Good luck, -Gwen>>

Re: Sick Goldfish
Hi Gwen, thank you so much for your quick reply. I will get the test kits today. I try to do water changes, at least three gallons, once a month or so. I never had any problems before. I use the conditioner and stress chemicals, I check the temperature. Petco says I can't do much more for Treasure, but I don't give up that easy. I read the info. on gas bubble disease, I moved Treasure to a separate small tank with the aeration and Melafix, no filter. He is still breathing but he's upside down at the bottom of the tank. I will test today and get back to you. It is so sad to see him suffering :-)-Karla
<<Dear Karla, Please do buy some test kits. Testing is really the ONLY way to know what is going on in your water. The once-a-month water changes were not nearly enough, and chances are good that the nitrates built up to toxic levels over time...test kits and more frequent water changes would have helped you prevent that. The best (only) way to save your goldfish now is to do many more partial water changes, keep using the Melafix, and cross your fingers. From now on, PLEASE use your test kits to determine how often to do your water changes. Feel free to ask if you have more questions on anything. Good luck, Treasure! -Gwen>>

Fantail Help II
Thanks for your reply, Gwen (sorry for the Mike thing :)).  Yes he is still eating, very well mind you, my little girl had it to, but she only did it once 2 days ago and she was a sinker not a floater.  My two other ones are constipated once and a while but the peas seem to help them well.  I need to know if this medicated flake food can be fed to my other fishies to (if I can find some), even if they have no signs of the swim bladder problem.  Do I have to separate them.  I have no other tank except for a fish bowl.
Thanks again,
W. Leger
<<Wanda, no, you don't need to separate them. The medicated flake won't hurt the other fish. Make sure your water quality is good! If you cannot find medicated flake, you should be able to order Metronidazole online at any fish store (e.g. www.bigalsonline.com) and mix the metro into your fishes food yourself. If you wish, I can tell you how to go about doing so. Let me know which medication you find, and I will help you dose it. -Gwen>>

Fancy Goldfish Injury
I have had 3 fancy goldfish for almost 2 years now and just recently I noticed my feisty one I call Spike is hanging around down at the bottom of my tank and I checked everything, everything is okay except for tonight I noticed he isn't using his tail to swim anymore. If he goes to the top he really struggles and sometimes he falls back to the bottom and his tail does nothing to help him. I caught my niece and nephews in my room so I don't know if they had anything to do with it, but is it humane to keep a paralyzed fish? (if in fact that's the problem) I haven't read anything at all about a parasite or bacteria limiting the tail fin. What should I do?
<<Hello. Take a sample of your tank water to your nearest Local Fish Store and have them check your ammonia, nitrite and nitrate levels. In the meantime, a small water changes wouldn't hurt, 25% of the total volume. Chances are good that your water quality has deteriorated. Please get your water tested for the above mentioned things. High levels of any of them will result in sick or dead fish, therefore many frequent partial waterchanges will be needed to keep the fish alive until he recuperates. I recommend doing some reading on the nitrogen cycle, tank maintenance, and goldfish in particular. -Gwen>>

Floaty goldfish, or, "Floaters, not Sinkers"
I was just wondering. I have 2 small Fantails and I have a 10 Gallon aquarium. One of my fantails swims and twists around and flops upside down while swimming and sometimes he lays sideways at the top of the water is this normal. I have never had fantails before only regular gold fish. I change my water 50% weekly and I use bottled water distilled is this ok. I live in the country and have well water. Thanks Mike
<Hi Mike, sounds like it may be constipation or a swim bladder issue, pretty common in the wide bodied goldfish, check out the link below for more information. Best Regards, Gage
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/FWSubWebIndex/gldfshdisfaqs.htm >

Upside down goldfish
Hi!
I don't know if you've addressed this problem in your sight before but my goldfish has been acting very strangely. There are two that are swimming upside down and I don't know why. They always stay at the surface of the tank.  At first we thought it was cold so we put a heating generator in the water
for it to warm up because the weather was turning colder.  The fish are literally in a vertical position swimming around the tank as though there was nothing wrong. I'm afraid something may be happening to them.  Could you please tell me what's wrong?
Anna Doan.
<Yes... this "syndrome" is borne of two circumstances, genetics and diet... some goldfish varieties have been bred over generations such that they easily lose orientation... especially in face of being fed too much in the way of "dried foods"... At any length there is some discussion of this archived on the www.WetWebMedia.com site on the Freshwater subweb, under Goldfish Disease (many FAQs and Disease article on them). Your fish will likely respond positively to being treated with Epsom salt, a change in diet, possibly the addition of some palatable green plants (like Egeria/Anacharis), and maybe the lowering of the water level in their system. Please see WWM re. Bob Fenner>

Oranda swim bladder and/or worms
<Hi there Magnus here to help>
I have had an Oranda for 3 years and he was a year or two old when and older gentleman gave him to me as a gift for my new fish pond.  I thought it not a good place for him to live, but had to so as not to offend my elderly friend.
<I have seen Orandas live quite a long life in out door ponds.  Provided that you makes sure they get the food they need.  Comets and Sarasa goldfish are faster and often times get to the food before the slower large bodied Orandas.>
As he has gotten older, he stays to himself and not with other goldfish.
<I have found that true with some of my larger Orandas.>
I've saved him several times due to his equilibrium being off as he was caught in plants several times each time caught standing on his head in the water. He is also HUGE in the backend & his back is VERY arched...more than normal. so much so that he stays slanted downhill and has done so for the last year.
<having an increased/swelling of the backend and an issue with his buoyancy is kind of unusual. If it has been a gradual process it might just be that the fish had poor genetics to start with and it's his natural body frame.  Many goldfish have poor genetics due to the sure number of goldfish breed to meet the pet trade demand. The buoyancy might simply be the fish had swallowed air and can't expel it, though this wouldn't explain the swelling. If his whole body had begun to get larger it might be an issue of dropsy.  His scales would be protruding all over his body due to the internal swelling.  But, worst case scenario is, it might be that your goldfish has an internal tumor that is now pressing on his swim bladder and causing him to loose balance.>
Could he have some kind of worms that would make his backend so overly large?
<I have never heard of a worm that will do this in fish.>
I have a red cap that is about his age, but doesn't have the bloated look or swim bladder problem.  How can I correct BOTH problems?
<You can try and add medicine to the water, but if it's dropsy it's a hard condition to cure.  If it's cancer then there isn't anything you can do.  I would start off with simple changes, such as feeding the fish with sinking pellets.  feeding the fish with floating foods allows them to gulp in air that many fish are not able to expel.  This might help the fish slightly with it's buoyancy problem, but as for the swelling it's another matter.  I'm not sure what sort of medicine to be used that would make any difference, I don't feel like the swelling you described is treatable.>
The Oranda is my most prized fish and would hate to loose him.  Thanks.
<You might want to visit the site www.goldfishinfo.com  You can look at their info, and visit their links. They not only offer info, but many of their links show pictures of illnesses and methods to cure them.  Best of luck with your fish. -Magnus.>

Black Moor with Popeye
What can I do for Popeye and ragged fins on my black moor.  I've had him
about a year and this is the first time he has been sick.  Please help me try to
save him.  He is one of my favorites!  Thanks for your time.    Suzanne
<<Hello. The first thing you should do is get your water tested at your local fish store for ammonia, nitrite and nitrates. Make sure ammonia and nitrites are at zero, and nitrates are low, around 20ppm is a good number. You can control them by doing regular waterchanges. Fin rot is generally a sign of bad water quality. For the Popeye, you will need to treat your moor with an antibiotic medication. You can feed him medicated food also, since antibiotics taken internally will help fight the infection. Ask the people at your local fish store for some metronidazole. Feeding him pellets soaked in metronidazole will help immensely, though you may have to feed him this daily for a couple of weeks.. -Gwen>>

Black Moor with damaged eyes
I bought some goldfish from Wal-Mart. Nemo #1 died immediately. I brought him back and they gave me one from a different tank. Nemo #2 ended up having "ick". I treated him for it with medicine I bought at Pet Co. He never got over the "ick". I think the last time I put the medicine in a put too much. This morning Nemo #2 was dead and Ed, the black moor, has damaged eyes. Both eyes are cloudy. One looks like the skin was burned. I feel terrible. A shop that specializes in fish said I should have turned the filter off when I added the medicine. I did not know. Ed is swimming around like a champ and eating normally. Do you think he will be alright? Also, can he live without eye sight? Thank you for your time.
<<Hello. The first thing you should do is get your water tested at your local fish store for ammonia, nitrite and nitrates. Make sure ammonia and nitrites are at zero, and nitrates are low, around 20ppm is a good number. You can control them by doing regular waterchanges. Nitrates can be allowed to go a bit higher, but lower is really the best. Also, you need to treat your moor with an antibiotic medication. In some instances, cloudy eyes will heal themselves, but I believe your fish is suffering from ammonia or nitrite toxicity, therefore, the cloudy eyes will not heal themselves and in fact may lead to your fish's demise. You should never EVER turn off your filter, just remove the carbon (the black stuff) when you add medications, since carbon removes them from the water. You can let your carbon dry out on the counter, and replace it back into your filter after the treatment is over. As long as Ed is eating, there is a chance to save him. You can feed him medicated food also, since antibiotics taken internally will help fight the infection. As your fish store for a medication for cloudy eyes, and ask them how to use it! Please follow all medication directions closely! Meds can be just as lethal as the original problem, if you use them the wrong way.. -Gwen>>

Worms
Hi! I have a problem with my goldfish. I have 4 comets in an aquarium (3feet
by 2 feet by 2 feet) and recently I noticed pinkish coloured live worms in
their poo. Can this hurt my fish and how can I cure them, please. We have
recently placed live plants from our local river in the tank, could these be
responsible. Judie
<<Dear Judie; Yes, your plants can be, and probably are, responsible. Please, NEVER add native plants or animals into a tank with tropical fish. They have not evolved to fight off native diseases and are easily killed by pathogens that they have not built up immunities to. However, in this case, you should be able to treat this problem with medication. De-wormers like Levamisole or piperazine. Ask at your LFS what they stock for internal worms. Good luck. -Gwen>>  

Goldfish Bloat
Hi, We have a large goldfish (at least 10 inches) who is in trouble. She is
extremely bloated. She has been like this for several months. Her symptoms are very
similar to a letter that you have on your site called "Constipated Goldfish?"
from someone named Paul. We have had her in a separate tank now for a couple
of weeks using Epsom salts (2 Tbls. per 10 gallons) and changing the water
frequently as you suggested. She is being feed the inside of peas mixed with
salmon oil. She is still defecating, but she continues to grow larger. Her scales
are beginning to pop out a bit in the last couple of days, but this may be
because her skin is stretched so tight. If she had dropsy, wouldn't she have
died by now? She is still fairly active, swimming around the tank. Any
suggestions where to go from here? Thanks for your help. Doug & Janis
<<Dear Doug and Janis; I am sorry to say that once the scales start to protrude, the fish is near the end. Although as long as she is eating, you may be able to feed her goldfish pellets soaked in medication, which may help save her. You need to buy some metronidazole from your LFS. For each feeding, you take 1/2 a tablet, crush it with a mortar and pestle, stir the powder into a few tablespoons of tank water until it's dissolved, add pellets and let them absorb the medicated water for about 10 minutes (until they expand) then feed to your goldfish as usual. Do this for two weeks. You should begin to see signs of her improvement after a week. You may need to treat her this way for up to three weeks. Sounds long, but if you stop too soon, you may not have eradicated all the infection inside her. Also, there is no guarantee that her internal organs are still undamaged. Usually protruding scales signify internal pressure which can cause irreversible damage. Still, you can try and see if you can save her. Good luck. -Gwen>>

Fantail Question
Hi, I have a question about one of my fantail goldfishes. We recently  put
them in a big aquarium since they were getting  too big for the bowel we
originally had them in. We have had them for 2 years but since we put them in this new aquarium
we have noticed that one of them seems to be losing some scales just
above his mouth - its like they are hanging off. The fish seems very happy though and continues to eat like crazy - what should we do and what could it be? Many thanks, Richard
<<Dear Richard; Your fish is probably stressed due to the move, and perhaps from the turbulence of having to acclimatize to new water, maybe at a different temperature.. I will assume there is a filter on the tank, which is good. You are cycling, so testing the water for ammonia, nitrites and nitrates for the next few weeks will help keep your fish healthy. Do the waterchanges if the levels are too high. Ask your LFS for help, or buy your own test kits. They are invaluable. Email me back if you want to buy your own and I will help you learn how to use them. It's easy. Also, you can add a bit of aquarium salt to the tank to help fight off infections, but keeping the water quality high is half the battle. Test your water! The scales should grow back with no problem as long as fungus doesn't set in. -Gwen>>

Goldfish Swimming Trouble
I have a Orange Oranda Goldfish. The fish has been around for about 5 years and I know she has swim Bladder because she swims upside down. (not all the time) Now the goldfish is upside down and on her underneath there is a red streak. Is the goldfish bleeding inside. What can I do????
There has to be a treatment. PLEASE HELP MAMA FISH. Please email me back ASAP!!!
I do not have much time. Thank you for your Time. Christine
<<Dear Christine; you need to get your water tested at your LFS for ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates. In the meantime, do a waterchange. You may need to do quite a few more. Also, you will need to buy and feed your goldfish some medicated food. I hope she is still able to eat. If not, it may be too late. Goldfish need to be fed a high fibre diet to prevent problems such as this. Unfortunately, when internal infection sets in, like in your fishes case, it is hard to predict whether she will make it or not. Feeding her food with an antibiotic or antibacterial ingredient will help. A high fibre diet will also help. And try giving her some chopped, cooked and skinned frozen peas. Ask at your LFS what medications they have available for internal infections. And get your water quality under control with those waterchanges! Good luck- Gwen>>

Goldfish Swimming Trouble II
Gwen,
I took you advise in trying to feed the fish peas. The peas sink to the
bottom of the tank. What should I do??/
I also tested for ammonia and test showed safe zone. (medium yellow).
Do you have any other suggestions.
Thank you,
Christine
<<Christine, did you test nitrite and nitrate? Equally important! Also, did you do a waterchange? Don't worry about the peas, just use a net to scoop them back out. You may have to keep trying until goldie understands that peas are food. Generally that isn't a problem with goldfish, they consume anything ravenously. I must assume her appetite isn't up to par. Please, do some waterchanges, test the nitrites and nitrates, and get to the store for an antibiotic. Trust me, your fish will not heal by itself, not at this point. You need to do something. -Gwen>>
>Goldfish Swimming Trouble
>I have a Orange Oranda Goldfish. The fish has been around for about 5 years
>and I know she has swim Bladder because she swims upside down. (not all the
>time) Now the goldfish is upside down and on her underneath there is a red
>streak. Is the goldfish bleeding inside. What can I do????
>There has to be a treatment. PLEASE HELP MAMA FISH. Please email me back
>ASAP!!!
>I do not have much time. Thank you for your Time. Christine
><<Dear Christine; you need to get your water tested at your LFS for
>ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates. In the meantime, do a waterchange. You may
>need to do quite a few more. Also, you will need to buy and feed your
>goldfish some medicated food. I hope she is still able to eat. If not, it
>may be too late. Goldfish need to be fed a high fibre diet to prevent
>problems such as this. Unfortunately, when internal infection sets in, like
>in your fishes case, it is hard to predict whether she will make it or not.
>Feeding her food with an antibiotic or antibacterial ingredient will help.
>A high fibre diet will also help. And try giving her some chopped, cooked
>and skinned frozen peas. Ask at your LFS what medications they have
>available for internal infections. And get your water quality under control
>with those waterchanges! Good luck. -Gwen>>

Goldfish Swimming Trouble - III?
Gwen,
Thank you so much for helping me with "Mama Fish". I have treated the 30 gallon tank twice now with an antibiotic called KANACYN. Have you had of it?  On the box it says for hemorrhage, red body patches, internal infection, bacterial infections, protruding or loss of scales, and furunculosis. Would you suggest another antibiotic or is this one ok???  I have also done a 25% water change on Friday. She is still upside down, but the red spot on her stomach is fading a little. She is not eating the small pellets I am feeding her (she ate them on Thursday). What do you suggest I feed her something else and please supply the name of the food and possible medicated food for her.
Thank you for your help.
Christine
<<Christine, you are most welcome. Yes, I have heard of Kanacyn, it's a good medication. I hope it will help clear up your problem. I would try to do some more water changes, since clean water is half the battle. Do your 25% water changes before you add each dose of meds. It will help. As she heals, her appetite should start to come back. If you notice her interest in food, pick up some medicated food from your LFS, they will be able to show you what they have in store that you can buy. If they have no medicated food, email me back and I will try to help you further. -Gwen>>

Goldfish Swimming Trouble IV
Gwen,
I know I emailed you earlier.  She has these black patches, not very big (its looks like mold). The black is
on her sides.  The red spot has almost gone away, very little there.  She is still not eating. Will this hurt the fish not eating?  She is also still upside on the top of the water. (10:00am)  Now Mama Fish is on the Bottom, still breathing (2:00pm)  What should I do? I do not want her to die. But it might be her time. Thank you for all your help.  Christine
<<Christine, from the pic it looks like she may not make it. I would be surprised if she pulls through. I'm sorry, but I think the treatment was not started quickly enough, the disease may have progressed too far for you to save her now. There is a small chance she could still make it, if you do DAILY 50% water changes and re-medicate every second day, but it's a long shot. Worth a try, IME. -Gwen>>

Goldfish Swimming Trouble - V
Dear Gwen,
I wanted to let you know that "Mama Fish" did not make it. She die Saturday morning. We have cleaned the tank and buried the Mama fish in my flower bed.  Now, we are going to taking a break from having fish probably until the
Fall.  Just to let you know I started the treatment before I contacted you. the total number of treatment was three.
I wanted to thank you for all your help during the past week. Have a great summer and try not to work too hard.
Thank you again !!
Christine
<<Christine; Sorry to hear about Mama fish. You did the best you could, though it's too bad it ended this way. I hope you will continue to try your hand at fishkeeping, it can be great fun. Normally I would advise you to start again right away, but summertime can be difficult to keep up with the maintenance since we are generally much busier, so starting again in the fall may be the best idea. I hope you will email me back to let me know all about your new set-up :) Have a great summer. -Gwen>>

Blind Shubunkin
Hi, I have a two and a half inch (excluding tail) orange and grey shubunkin. He
is quite lively and healthy. However, ever since i have had him, his right
eye is a big black circle, and his left eye is normal, a small black circle
in a larger silver circle. Does this mean that he is blind?
Also, I have a very shy Plecostomus who is quite small and who for most of
the day hides behind a piece of driftwood in my tank. If he finds a large
shell, he will go inside it and stay there. He is not afraid of the other
fish but when he sees me or another person he quickly shoots around the
aquarium looking for a hiding place and doesn't move from there until long
after I have left. Once, I removed all of the hiding places in the aquarium
but he kept moving extremely quickly, looking, and I felt sorry for him. He
never cleans the windows but he sometimes attaches himself to the window
when he is sure nobody is there. He does not come out of his hiding place to
eat food until I have gone. Please help! Is there any way that I can make
him less scared and more enthusiastic to explore about the aquarium?
Thank you very much, Eitan
<<Dear Eitan, sorry for taking so long to reply. It's cold and flu season :( Anyways, I don't think your goldfish is blind, unless you have reason to believe so. in other words, if he bumps into things while swimming. The color of the eyes could be perfectly natural. Hard for me to say without seeing him. Your pleco sounds normal also, is he a clown pleco by any chance? Certain species of pleco hide more often than others. There is really not much you can do for him. They are nocturnal fish, and he may never venture out in broad daylight while you are there. Best thing you can do is sit quietly beside the tank late at night, and he may come out then. If you get him used to a routine of giving him a sinking algae wafer or some bloodworms at the same time each night, say 10pm, you may start to see him more often. Fish have remarkable internal clocks and he will probably start showing himself by 9:55pm each night... when he thinks it's time for his treat :) -Gwen>>

Goldfish With Malformed Mouth
Hi, You seem to be able to offer a lot of sensible advice to people and I
wonder if you can offer any thoughts on my situation?
I was given 3 goldfish and a couple of minnows (I think) and a small
plec which were all living very happily together before I got them and
have continued to do well. However, I noticed at the time that the
smallest goldfish actually has a malformed mouth and struggles to eat
very much. Over time, this appears to have worsened to the point where
it is struggling to breathe and eat at all. It is noticeably smaller
than the others and swims manically to try and get water moving through
the small hole it now has, bless. Other than that, the remaining fish
are all very healthy, have fun winding the plec up from time to time and
are keen to eat (and poo everywhere!). I change around 40-50% of the
water weekly, and I'm sad that the above problem is manifesting after a
lot of care and attention to ensure their survival and happiness.
If you have any ideas, I would be pleased to hear, but I think deep down
there's nothing I can really do. Many thanks, Gavin
<<Dear Gavin; I must agree, there isn't much you can do. You seem to be taking great care of them otherwise, so keep up the good work. One thing you can do is buy yourself some test kits. Ammonia should always read zero, nitrites also should read zero, and try to keep your nitrates low by continuing your weekly water changes. And remember, you can't win em all! Best wishes, Gwen>>

URGENT FISH EMERGENCY!!!!
my goldfish is floating he cant swim down easy and when he does he
floats right back up!!! he was my first fish and i don't want him to die, he's is just under 1 year old, what can i do!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
<The fish has a swim bladder imbalance.  It's not something that is really treatable, but you can ease the problem.  First I would offer the fish sinking pellets as food.  When feeding flake food at the surface the goldfish will eat them and suck in air into the stomach making the problem that much worse.  Also stress is another factor that compounds swim bladder problems.  So, make sure you keep up on the water changes, clean filters and don't over feed the fish or allow food to rot in the tank.  These factors play into the over all health of the fish.  Sadly there isn't much else to do with goldfish with swim bladder problems.  The problem is due to breeding.  The fish's body is no longer what it once was, the swim bladder often times isn't proportional to the fishes body structure.  But, I do wish you the best of luck.-Magnus>

Goldfish Problems
Hi, I've recently started keeping goldfish... I have a bubble eye, a black moor and two fantails, one of which i have just brought home today.
When i got home and went to put the new fish in its bag in the tank with the others, I noticed something I'd missed before... it had a big round sore on one side and some of the white scales were pink underneath! The sore looked clean, but not knowing what caused it, I've put it in a seperate small tank without rocks and will be feeding it a little less than I might have otherwise because it's also a bit bloated; I'm putting a little spinach in as well (your FAQ is SO helpful!). I'm wondering could this have happened on the way home if it knocked against the side of the baggie it came home in? or is it some kind of disease? It's also a little lethargic and I'm not convinced it's going to live.
The others seem ok, they're swimming normally etc, but I'm concerned that their poo is rather pale; I'm changing their food over from flakes to pellets so they spend less time at the surface and I can measure how much they get more easily, and putting spinach in for them as well. Not that I'm really sure what colour their poo is supposed to be; it just doesn't look right.
What else should I be doing? I'd be grateful for your help... and do I need to shout at the pet shop owner, or was it my fault for maybe not being careful enough on the way home? Thanks, Claire
<<Dear Claire; it doesn't sound like your fault. The fish sounds like it has septicemia. You can treat him with salt and Melafix if it's a mild case, you will need a stronger med if it's an advanced case. Try the salt for a few days (make sure he has excellent water quality) and see. If the wound doesn't start to heal, you may need to make a trip to the store for an external antibiotic. I would have a few words with the LFS, they should not be selling you sick fish. Perhaps it is not too late to return him for another. Ask them! -Gwen>>

Carl's sick
I am Dylan. I am 11 years old. Carl is a bubble cheek goldfish. He has two problems: He has a white puffy ring forming around one eye. I have put fungus medication in the bowl, but it does not appear to help. The other problem, he is also floating upside down (head down in the tank.) He does not appear to be able to swim horizontally. Can you help Carl? He seems so uncomfortable swimming head down all the time. Thanks - Dylan 
< I think the key word here is bowl. Unfortunately your goldfish has been stressed by poor water quality. You have not changed the water often enough and the fish wastes have built up and basically you fish is breaking down. Start by changing the water in the bowl. I would recommend an aquarium instead of a bowl if possible. Don't worry about feeding him for awhile. You need to treat him with a medication called Metronidazole. Get it from your local fish store. Follow the directions on the package and be patient. It may take awhile to cure. When the fish is able to move normally then I would offer a small amount of food to see if it will eat. Once the fish is eating then you have a chance of saving him. -Chuck>

My Baby!
Ok my poor little orange bubble eye is having MAJOR problems. He's always been the "under dog" in the tank. Never beaten up just smaller than the others. A few weeks ago I noticed his fins and gills were getting red and I was worried so immediately I did a water change. Things were fine. Today all of a sudden he is at the bottom of the tank with his little tummy bloated beyond belief. It looks as if its filled with blood. One side seems to be larger than the other and that eye also appears much bigger as well. The scales also look like they are forced out because his abdomen is so large. I hesitated to move him but when I saw him on his side I got out a fish bowl and put him in it. As of now he swims a bit but still looks like he's struggling. Breathing looks like a challenge as well. WHAT COULD BE HAPPENING?! 
< Your poor little fish has been stressed due to poor water quality. If the nitrates had been kept to 25ppm or under then he would still be fine. You dodged a bullet a few weeks ago and solved the problem with a water change. Get a nitrate test kit. I think the results will be off the scale. Reduce the nitrates with a water change. Treat with Metronidazole as per the package directions. When the fish starts to eat again then he is on his way to getting better. But the key is to treat early! It may already be too late.-Chuck>

Moor Lethargic
Hi!
Help - I read thru everything, but didn't see this...
I've had a Black Moor that turned completely gold a few years ago. He's
about 5 yrs old, around 5 inches from mouth to base of tail fin in a
10gallon tank by himself. Over the last year, every once in a while he'll
swim upside down, almost as if "sleeping", but then right himself and go on
about his business.  Last week was the start of his problems. I noticed he was laying on his
side (right or left), on the bottom. I checked the ammonia - there was a
very trivial amount. I use ammo-rocks in the filter (about 1/4 c each filter
change). However, the ph was down to about 6.3 - so I gradually boosted it
up over the course of the next 24 hours, getting it to about 7.0. It didn't
change his behavior. His breathing was slow (but not labored - didn't appear
to be struggling to breathe), but his fins look great and body looks great -
no white or red spots, split fins, red gills. He's not swollen, or scraped,
or missing scales - his eyes are fine, but one's always been a little larger
than the other. He looks healthy, but lays near the filter intake or on top
of the bubble stone, as if to get an O2 assist. He didn't come up for food,
but once he realized it had sank down in front of him, he went nuts and
devoured it (like he has every day in the past). When he was done, he went
back to lying on the bottom again, where he has stayed all week, only coming
up for his food, and an occasional swim. I have a 5inch bubble stone in the
bottom, and a large Aqua clear filter (200) for this 10-gal tank. I vacuumed
it (it was very clean) and changed 25% of the water 2 days ago, but still no
change. His bowel movements are a little strange on occasion - thin, long,
clear and then a large movement attached all in a string. What else can I do
for him, to make him comfortable or try to heal him? I miss getting the
morning tail-splash (water all over the place) and his calls for feeding
time. Thanks in advance for any help you may have...Jeanine Gross
<<Sorry for not responding sooner. Your fish needs a bigger tank. That's about it in a nutshell. Read some FAQs about tank size versus fish size, and old-tank syndrome. And please test your nitrates. You have no choice but to buy your fish a MUCH bigger tank, before he dies. A five inch fish in a ten gallon tank should be getting water changes every other day until you can get him a bigger tank. Right now he is basically being poisoned by his own waste, in the form of nitrates. -Gwen>>

Sick Goldfish
Hello, I am so glad I found this website! My husband and I were thrown into the
goldfish world about 10 days ago when my sister-in-law surprised our whole
family by bringing over a goldfish for my son's birthday. It's a good-sized
bubble eyed orange fish. She brought it in a fishbowl that she bought at the
pet store. I thought the bowl looked small and began reading basic info
about how fish need more room, oxygen, etc., but everyone kept telling me
how the fish would be fine in the bowl for a while until we got an aquarium,
so we went a week with having this poor fish in the bowl. He was starting to
show signs that he needed more oxygen (gasping at the top, for instance). We
changed the water but apparently not enough, because at the end of his first
week, I noticed him floating up at the top, and I thought he was either dead
or about to die. I was so upset and felt so horrible that I hadn't gotten
him into a bigger home yet. Anyway, after an immediate water change he came
to and seemed better, and the next morning we were at the fish store when
they opened and bought a 10 gallon tank with a filter and added a plant. We
were planning in the next few days to add another goldfish for  a friend,
too, but then I noticed a white film beginning to form around his head, and
he was doing weird things like going to the top, becoming still and letting
himself sink down towards the bottom. Also just looked lazier and more
lethargic. I had no idea whether this was  normal fish behavior or sick fish
behavior. In the next couple of days I called the fish store back, and they
suggested treating him for fungus. They were out of stock on the medication,
but they gave me some of their own supply to use so I could get treatment
started. I began treatment this afternoon. I had to turn the filter off
while I took out the carbon cartridge, and I noticed that he just sat very
still at the bottom when the filter was off. Looks better with filter back
on. Is the preliminary foam filter enough to keep water quality okay while
using the medicine for the next several days? I'm worried about him because
he seems sick and down and out. I feel horrible because I'm sure his poor
conditions in the first week of our care contributed--I wish I had known
more! What can I do to improve his chances of getting well? Anything to
improve water quality? Should I start adding peas to his diet? Is it okay to
keep the plant in while we treat for fungus? What do you suggest for a
beginner fish family who is having a rocky start? I really want to make up
for our slow start. Is it too late? Flailing Fish Mom
<<No, it's not too late to learn how to care for your fish. First, clean water via water changes will help considerably. Second, reading sites like this one can be interesting and may lead to your learning about diseases: http://www.goldfishinfo.com/ailment1.htm Prevention is always best....Good luck and happy reading -Gwen>>

Black Moor Sick
My fish seem to doing better now that have gotten use to each other.  
Thanks again for your help, Gwen! Have a great day.
Eeon
<<Eeon, you are quite welcome :) -Gwen>>

Sick Shubunkin
Hi I have a goldfish and a shubunkin in a 5 gallon tank. the goldfish is fine,
thriving and healthy. My poor shubunkin has been sick for a while and seems to
be getting worse. he started off about a month ago with clamped fins and
hanging in the top corner of the tank. this went on for some weeks, he was feeding
ok at that point. in the last couple of days he seems to have lost some colour
and has started to swim only with his tail, all the other fins are clamped.
He is not eating and is smaller and seems flatter than the goldfish. (they were
the same size when I got them). he has  no interest in food - dry flakes -
and is very listless, when he does swim he seems very unsteady, though this may
due to only using his tail and no fins.
I have been doing a weekly 50% water changer and using stress coat and a
general medication for several weeks. He did suffer from torn fins but this seems to have cleared up.
HELP!!! Sarah
<<Test the water for ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates. Do the water changes accordingly. You can also add some salt or Melafix to the water to help with the fin rot. I hope things work out. -Gwen>>

Goldfish Question - dying
Hi, 
I have a very large goldfish (he is the only fish in his tank). He started to get fin rot over two weeks ago. When I tested the water, the ammonia levels were extremely high and the pH levels were very low. I quarantined him for three days and treated him with medication and changed the water in his aquarium. All the tests were fine then. From the time he has been sick until yesterday, he has been lying on the bottom on his side and moves his body across the bottom of the tank. I have been treating the tank with Melafix for the last four days. As of yesterday morning, the fish constantly sits upright on the bottom of the tank and is very alert. His fins are a little better, but definitely no worse. However, he has a lot of brown spots on him. I read that this can be seen when a fish is starting to recover from ammonia burns. The problem is he still isn't swimming and most importantly, he hasn't eaten for 10 days. I don't know what else to do for him. Are there any suggestions? 
< First I would clean the filter to reduce the ammonia load. If the filter was clean I would vacuum the gravel to remove any sludge build up. Unfortunately the conditions you describe are very stressful on your pet goldfish and he may not fully recover. If he sits on the gravel and seems to be hopping then the swim bladder may have become affected and may not recover regardless of any medication. Try some rock salt at a tablespoon per 5 gallons. Good luck.-Chuck>

Sick goldfish II
Hi -- Hopefully you received the e-mail we sent yesterday about the goldfish we just finished treating for what we thought was ich, and we were wondering if one of the fish now has a secondary infection. After more research and symptoms appearing (the sick fish is now spending most of its time on the bottom of the tank, breathing hard, clamped fins; and -- visible only when he's facing away and the light is on -- we can now see white/bluish velvety patches on his body) we think he has Chilodonella. 
We ended up tearing down the tank yesterday for a nearly complete water change, we added about a gallon of the old water back in (don't know if the tear-down was a smart thing to do or not since ammonia & Ph are up now -- ammonia, .5 and Ph, 8) but it seemed like we'd been adding so much "stuff" to the water maybe a complete change would help & maybe we'd get rid of 
some of the parasites in tank. Anyway, after getting started again, we began treating with Nox Ich (malachite green & sodium chloride) late last night. No improvement noticed yet this morning. Would a malachite/Formalin combo be better? 
< The combo you suggested has been by far the most effective for me. I personally use Rid-ich by Kordon. I noticed that it does affect the biological filtration so I always quarantine new fish before I add them to my main tank. It is easier to treat and cheaper too.> 
Does the diagnosis sound correct? 
< You have so much going on it is hard to be precise. First of all lets get the water right. Start at the beginning by servicing your filter. Keep cleaning it weekly even if it looks like it doesn't need it. Don't add any carbon yet because that will remove all your medication. If your fish is not eating then don't feed them until they are up and about. Ich takes about three days to cure in a tropical tank so may take as long as a week in a cool water tank. Control the ammonia with water changes for now but use a water conditioner that adds a protective slime on the fish too. In a week I would vacuum the gravel to remove any sludge that may have built up in case in did not get down with the near tear down. Some rock salt could be added to the water too. This would also increase the protective slime coat on the fish.> 
Should we do anything other than water changes to correct ammonia/Ph? (we did add a 1/4 dosage of a Ph balancer this a.m. -- didn't want it to correct too quickly). 
< Just do the water changes for now and monitor the ammonia and don't worry about any pH adjustments for now.> Won't water changes upset concentration of medication? 
< Many medications break down very quickly in water. But the rid-ich is very effective and the recommendations on the bottle include a water change.> 
If we do changes, should we add some medication to the newly added water to keep concentration up? 
< Follow the directions on the bottle until the ich is cured. If there is any secondary infections we will deal with it after the ich is cured and the fish has had a chance to build up some resistance.>
So many questions -- aaaaggghhhh! I have searched your site (lots of interesting stuff) and left a posting on the public chat (no response yet). Sorry so long again, but would really appreciate any advice you can offer. 
< Check some of the FAQs on the site to see if you understand the nitrate chain. Once you understand it it may make you fish keeping experiences a positive one. -Chuck> Thanks.

Sick Snoopy
My comet (Snoopy) was acting sick for a while. He lost his color and wouldn't come out as much. I put two new fantails in with him. He seemed to perk up but they brought ICH with them and the larger fantail is nipping the others. The comet's fins have been torn pretty good and now there is black on them. I have read that fish will nip at sick ones?
< Fish will feed on anything edible and other sick fish certainly do qualify.> I have treated the ICH with Quickcure. What to do about the fins?
<After the ich has been cured then add some additional decorations and plants. If the water is clean and the fish are healthy then the fins will grow back. If the nitrates are too high and you haven't done any water changes in a while then they might come down with a bacterial infection and need treating.>
Is it a bacterial infection?
<Probably not yet. If there was an infection then the fins would look torn and ragged. Service the filter and do a water change and see if they pick up.>
Isolation? How to stop the nipping?
< This may be needed eventually.-Chuck>
Poor Snoopy.  Thanks, Scott 

Sick goldfish
We have two goldfish, 2.5 inches long (excluding tails) each, and three snails in a 20 gal. tank. The water parameters are as follows: Ammonia= 0.5ppm, Nitrite= 0ppm, pH= 7.4, Nitrate= 0ppm. 
<It's hard to keep the water parameters exact in goldfish. I love them to death, but they are so messy.> 
After introduction of a new fish to another tank, we had an ick outbreak and this tank was inadvertently contaminated. 
<sadly it's not hard to have accidental contamination of other tanks. Just will make you be that much more careful next time.> 
We treated "this tank" for several days with Aquarisol as a preventative, but didn't remove the carbon filter. Duh. 
<D'oh! So, that didn't do much...> 
The fish developed white flecks on their fins and bodies. Assuming it was ick, we did a 25% water change, removed the filter (which includes the carbon), and treated with Ick Guard keeping the tank dark. 36 hours later, we changed another 25% of the water, and repeated the dosage (2 days ago). 
<Sounds like you are treating the tank well. Removing the filter doesn't necessarily help, just removing the filter medium is needed. But, if you want to go the extra mile doing something like that then no one here will hold it against you.> 
It appears that the ick has cleared up, and one fish seems normal. However, the other fish has white patches (non-resembling of ick) on it's tail fin only, is staying near the surface, breathing hard, is not eating, and is lethargic. 
<It sounds like your fish might have a bacterial fungus infection. These are usually gram-positive infections. Visible infection of wounds, fin rot, external bacterial infections. This not a true fungus but a bacterial infection known as Columnaris or Body Fungus. I have found that Maracyn from the Mardel company has worked the best for treating the fish> 
Today, we changed 25% of the water, put in a new carbon filter to clear out the remaining Ick Guard because we are thinking that the fish might have a secondary bacterial or fungal infection. We are planning to treat with Kanamycin. 
<Also a nice broad based medicine! works great on many illnesses and infections. it should help with clearing up the problem.> 
We also added some ammonia eliminator and Cycle and have vacuumed during each water change to try to reduce ammonia levels. By the way, we removed the snails before adding the Ick Guard. So... Does it sound like we're on the right track with the diagnosis and treatment and if so, how long should we wait to add the Kanamycin? Sorry so long, thank you for any help or other tips you can offer. 
<Sounds like you are doing a good job. I have never used those two medicines at the same time. So, I would give it at least a week if you can. Then begin the second treatments. This should definitely help the fish improve it's health. Good luck. -Magnus>

Black Moor & Possibly Pop-Eye
I have a black moor who seems to have something wrong with his eye. A year ago, he got pop-eye and literally lost one eye. However, this time a wart appeared on the socket of the eye, it disappeared in a week, then bloody tissue started protruding from his cornea. 
<eye wounds are notorious at having secondary bacterial infection even a year or two after the loss of the eye.> 
I need help on treating this. He is well over 9 years old. I am convinced the eye he had left was blind, therefore, I removed all ornaments from the tank. 
<that is a good thing to do with blind fish, I had a goldfish actually impale itself on a piece of wood after it had gone blind. As for treatment, Use Maracyn-Two or Maracyn or Tetracycline, these are quite good at stopping secondary infections like yours.> 
Thank you for your immediate help with this issue. Lanette 
<good luck. -Magnus>

Sick Black Moor II
Thank you for your reply on the subject of my sick black moor... unfortunately the black moor was so sick he didn't make it the other fish are fine and show no signs of any problems 
<Hi there, sorry to hear of your loss. at least the other fish are doing okay.> 
I'm thinking of buying a pool for the garden and hope to transfer the fish do you think that this will be sufficient for them and that they will thrive in the pool thanks for all your help I do appreciate it keep up the good work. 
< I suggest you check out the WetWebMedia's pond and goldfish sections. There are many articles there than can help you: 
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/PondSubWebIndex/Pond%20Sub%20Web.htm  
Good luck with the outdoor set up. They can be very enjoyable. Just watch out for animals that can eat your fish! Herons are the big one, but neighbor's cats, raccoons, or even the family dog might really be a bother! Good luck. -Magnus.>

Fluffy Oranda - 04/15/2004 
Hi, so sorry to bother you 
<Don't worry, you're no bother - this is why we're here.> 
but it seems like everywhere I go I just can't get an answer for my problem. I have an Oranda that has White cottony tufts or growths on its head. I was told by some that it was possibly a fungus, so I treated the tank with Fungus Cure By: Aquarium Pharmaceuticals. I followed the directions to a T but it didn't work. The last time I've seen something like this a friend of mine had it with his Oranda. The growths got bigger then the puff on the head started to deteriorate off and the fish later died.. I don't want this to happen to me.  Please if you have and suggestions please help.. 
<Sounds likely bacterial, since it didn't respond to the fungus meds.... I would try kanamycin ("Kanaplex", "Kanacyn"), as this does not seem to speed up fungal growths like some antibiotics can, just in case it is a fungus.> 
My water parameters are all checked out fine and another water change I have scheduled for tomorrow since I just finished treatment that didn't work.. Any Idea what it can be and what do I do for a cure? TIA ~Don~ 
<As above, I would try kanamycin. There are plenty of other antibiotic options, but I would feel best with this or one of the sulfa drugs in this case, I think. Wishing your goldie a swift recovery, -Sabrina>

Albino Ailment
I had found your website while browsing in search of fish experts. I hope I'm not bothering you in asking for advice. 
< No problem, that's what we are here for.> 
I acquired a 6 inch Albino Comet (red eyes) a few months ago, and at the time I purchase it I noticed a speck and slight bulge in its right eye. And now 3-4 months later, the speck has grown and caused half the eye to become clouded. I have recently treated my tank with Maracyn 2 for ich, which fortunately cured all my fish without any casualties.  I finished the treatment 2 weeks ago now and the eye is the same. This fish is still eating, swimming about normally, and is in overall good condition, but I am afraid. So what would you recommend, or who could you refer me too? 
< Take a very close look at the affected eye. If the problem is external then we might have a chance to treat it. If it is internal then there is probably not too much that can be done. Sometimes fish rub against external objects and scratch their eyes. This happens often when fish are placed in dry nets and irritate the skin and eyes. Next time you do a water change try and find a water additive that adds a protective slime to the fish. Add some rock salt at about one tablespoon to 5 gallons of water. Make sure your nitrates are around 25 ppm or less with water changes. If this doesn't work and the fish looks like it is getting worse then I would place the fish in a separate tank and treat with a nitrofurazone based drug according to the directions on the package.-Chuck> 
Thank you for your time. -Bobbi

Searching for Serenity 4/11/04 
<Hi, Pufferpunk here.> 
I want to start by saying I thought fish were to be calming. Just put fish in water and watch them. Not so. 
<They can be quite serene to watch if researched & cared for properly.> 
I have a 80 gal tank with a Rena canister filter and two air pumps. I have had it since Feb 1st and it just flipped around march 28th. I have 5 Orandas ranging in size from about 1 1/2 inched to about 7 inches and 1 pleco. Here the drama starts. I am quite the research buff so I buy the Pleco and make it a little cave with rocks because they are nocturnal. I come home from work and the big fat fish is stuck for who knows how long. 
<Oops!> 
I free him and he acts fine except his one side is pretty scraped up, tail a little banged and the other side just a few scrapes. rush out, buy Melafix, treat for 7 days 
<Good call> 
and he is looking good so I put the carbon back in and decide to hold off a few days on the water change so the traces of the med might still help. 
<Bad call holding off on the water change.> 
(that is a week ago this past Sunday) notice that the tank has finally flipped so on Friday I go fish hunting for my 5th addition. 
<I thought you already had 5 GF & a pleco. Sounds stocked well enough already, if you consider the size they will all be at adulthood (plecos max out at around 18") & the huge bioload they all produce. Both plecos & GF are huge waste/ammonia producers! I'd figure around 20+g/adult goldfish.> 
While looking, I speak with the guy at the pet store and discover that the red streaks in 2 of the other fish fins is not really a good thing. 
<Yup, bacterial infection, usually due to poor water conditions.> 
(I had just disregarded them because they were not acting funny and still eating.) I leave still not thinking mush of it because I looked at 4 stores that day looking for a black one and they ALL had fish with streaks. Go to the next store and find a chocolate Oranda I like. Looks good, no fungus (was also in with red caps with streaks) buy him and some APPlus+ anti-bacteria medication. I do a 20% water change before I add him then I medicate the water like directed. 
<Never medicate your display tank with antibiotics. This will destroy your bacterial bed. ALWAYS quarantine new fish! See: http://www.aaquaria.com/aquasource/isolation.shtml > 
Then start my research on the cause of the streaks and find your web site. I have read just about everything but still have a few questions. I don't have much faith in all these pet stores since they all seam to have sick fish. (red streaks being the Least of most of there problems) I was upset to find out that this is contagious and fatal. It has been 4 days like directed and I have yet to notice any improvement and with my biobed being new I really didn't want to stay with this med. (later research showed it may effect it) so instead of a second treatment I put the carbon back in and plan on a 20% water change on Thursday and to start treatment with Maracyn-two so I can also put in some MelaFix for the comfort of the scraped up one. 
<Melafix & Pimafix are the only thing you should use in your display tank, that won't hurt your bacterial bed.> 
Now, I guess my question is, I have read that there are many causes for this bacterial infection. Stress, Nitrates, low oxygen, diet, and your link has a few suggestions on fixing this. Furan compounds, antibiotics, improved water quality, nutrition, naturally when removing the carbon the water quality gets worse. the nitrates had gone up to .25 when I added the new fish and adding meds so I rushed out and got two new Nitrasorb pouches to keep it under control. What else can I do and is there any chance I can save my fish? 
<I would work your way up to large water changes. Many long-time goldfish keepers consider weekly 90% water changes for the health & long life of their GF (up to 20+ years) not at all too aggressive.> 
Also while reading (its making me neurotic) I noticed my small red cap that has faint red streaks on occasion has white stringy stuff out his butt. Usually its normal. You mentioned internal parasites from eating dry food. 
<Internal parasites come from live foods.> 
So what do I do about nutrition? 
<High protein diets are great for the growth of Orandas. Shelled peas are excellent for keeping their digestive system healthy.> 
One last thing, the guy at PetSmart mentioned that after I treat for this bacterial infection to change my carbon leading me to believe that the bacteria can live in my filter. Do I change my foams and BioChem rings too? Won't that mess up my good bacteria? 
<You would change your carbon after you are done with using it to remove all your meds, as it will be used up. I don't use any carbon except to remove meds, which I only would use on a quarantine tank. I also suggest adding a mechanical filter like an Aquaclear 500 to your tank & using the canister filter for biological filtration. That way you can rinse out the AQ every week, to remove wastes. I like to stack mine with the sponge it comes with on the bottom, 1" of filter floss in the middle (to "polish" the water) & a bag of BioMax on top (for extra biological filtration). I rinse the sponge & floss every week, & change the floss every month. You can buy floss at a sewing shop, it comes in big bags used for stuffing material. As your fish grow larger & messier, you could even add another AQ 500. You can never have too much filtration with goldfish!> 
And another aquarium said kiss my fish goodbye and I had to tear down my whole tank and start over or it would take at least a month to kill the bacteria with meds. 
<My 1st suggestion to you would be to get a 10-20g tank & set it up as a quarantine/hospital tank, so you can treat the sick fish only. Kanacyn (also Melafix & Pimafix) is a good med for your problem. Also 1tbsp aquarium salt/5g should help. If you absolutely have no funds for another tank, than start treating your display tank with Pimafix, Melafix, salt & water changes, water changes, water changes!> 
PLEASE HELP This distraught fish Mom. Everyone told me goldfish were soooo easy and I can't even keep them. If this fails I'm going to just give up. 
Juli 
<Don't give up! Once you get this all straightened out & get used to all the water changes (get a Python, it will make your life much easier!) you will find the peace from your fish you are searching for! ~PP>

Shredded Tail on Goldfish 4/7/04
<Hi, Pufferpunk here>
Hi, I recently set up a 10 gallon aquarium to keep some goldfish. I had 5 of them, all feeder goldfish, but I had to get rid of one because it was "chewing" on my older one's tail. The older one, Moe, is 1 year 8 months old. He's the biggest goldfish in the tank, at about 2 inches. He's a comet goldfish and he has a really long tail. It (his tail) is frayed and ripped up. Turns out, it wasn't just that one fish who was pecking at it. All of them do it. Is this something I should be worried about? Will he die or become sick? I'd like to keep him in the same tank as all of the other fish, because I don't want to isolate him and keep him in a bowl. Do you think he's in a lot of pain? I think the other fish think his tail is food...but is there any way I can stop or prevent this from happening other than removing Moe or the other fish from the tank? Thanks.
<Sounds crowded in there!  The fish are stressed about that.  Not enough room to establish their own space & they're all taking it out on the "weakest" fish, Moe.  I wouldn't put him in a bowl, that would be way too small.  GF require 10g/fish, up to 3" & then 20+g/fish when bigger.  GF grow to 12+" & can live over 20 years.  They are heavy waste/ammonia producers & require large tanks, heavy filtration & huge water changes, because of this.  Most long time GF keepers say that weekly 90% water changes is not considered too aggressive.  So, get them a bigger tank & in the meantime, work your way up to larger water changes & add Melafix to help heal his torn tail. ~PP>

Sick (and tired, of no punctuation!)
Hi.. I've had my two regular goldfish for about 3 years now. They live in a 5 1/5 gallon tank with a filter. Recently I changed the water, though I probably should have done it sooner. After I changed the water the fish were fine for about 2 weeks then whenever it was feeding time they wouldn't come and get the food. Now the two fish hardly move and their fins are plastered 
to their backs and they both have red streaks in their fins. The bigger of the two now has white fuzzy stuff on several parts of him. I may have had my fish for a long time but I'm still inexperienced in fish medicine and diseases. If you could help me it would be a great relief 
< I seems your fish were stressed by the water changes and have come down with a bacterial infection. If you have gravel in the bottom of the tank then I would vacuum the gravel to remove all the excess sludge build up along with a 50% water change with treated water. A tablespoon of rock salt to the tank to help build up a slime on the fish. Treat with a nitrofurazone based drug as per the directions on the package. This will probably affect the good bacteria in the tank and screw up the nitrification. When the medications are done and the fish get back to normal then watch out for ammonia spikes until the good bacteria get their numbers back up.-Chuck>

Up With Chuck!
Dear Chuck 
Thank you very much for the advice. I don't know exactly where to find Spirulina flakes. I went to PetSmart but they don't have it. 
< Check around at other pet shops or regular tropical fish stores. You may need it in the future.> 
My fish is doing better now. You have to see him, he is happy swimming around and going easily from top to bottom. I decided to change the water and I put some Epsom salt in it. (1 tablespoon per gallon) I gave him only peas today and he was happy with it. The other one doesn't seem to like them very much but he ate some. Because both fish are in the same aquarium, do you think is bad for the healthy fish to have the same diet? 
< Peas by themselves may not be good over a long term because they may not contain enough protein for your fish to replace damaged tissues and to grow. There are many fine goldfish foods on the market. Brands like O.S.I., Hikari, and Marineland have very good foods that are well balanced.> 
The healthy fish has done some white poop today. Is it normal? 
< The fecal matter from your fish is a indication of its diet. A long stringy translucent feces is usually an indication something may be wrong. But your fish sounds like it is normal.> And if I didn't find the Spirulina 
flakes soon, could I start to gave them goldfish flakes instead? 
< Make sure you get a good quality flake food and not the cheapest one you can find. Try feeding a couple times a day with smaller helpings instead of one large feeding a day.-Chuck.> 
Thank you very much for your help - Patricia

Out on the Black Moors
I wondered if you could help me out? 
<That is what we are here for!> 
I bought a small black moor 2 to 3 years ago, he was quite small, but a nice specimen. He thrived in my tank with my 4 other fish which consist of a Malaysian golden ghost, a lionhead silver ghost, a small comet and an orange orfe. Over the time that I have had the black moor he has suffered various slight tail rot infections, but has always got over these infections very quickly and has had no other serious effects on him. 
<some goldfish bounce back extremely quickly! I wish many of the goldfish breeders would take that in consideration when breeding as well as color and body shapes.> 
Recently a few day ago I noticed another slight tail rot infection, I didn't worry too much about this as I have said he usually gets over this problem quite quickly, yesterday seemed back to his old self and was eating and swimming normally. Unfortunately today as I prepared to give them their daily feed I noticed the black moor was looking very sick and lying on the bottom of the tank and most upsetting was the fact that both his eyes had completely disappeared and this has happened very quickly as last night as I said he was normal. 
<The problem with goldfish is that if one of the fish becomes sick, typically the others will suddenly start picking on it. Not sure what queues the attackers... but somehow they just all know when to start nibbling. I've had large Orandas suddenly have no tail fins or missing an eye overnight.> 
Has the black moor got serious pop eye and detached themselves or do you think the other fish have attacked him? 
<He might have had pop-eye and they became very inflamed, the swelling makes their already large eyes easier to be nipped off. My guess is that they had become swelled and at that time the other fish nipped them.> 
Also can humans catch these fish diseases as when I cleaned out the tank and removed the black moor I ended up with a splash of dirty tank water in my mouth. 
<Not to scare you but there are many different types of disease in the aquarium that humans can catch. some bacterial infections all the way up to Tuberculosis! It's just something that you should know about, always wash you hands after working with a tank, and if you should get fish water in your mouth rinse it out with a mouthwash like "Listerine".> 
Hope you can help me out and do you think the other fish will be alright 
<I would set up a quarantine tank so that you can separate the moor from the other fish this will be valuable in medicating him and making sure he isn't attacked further. Also it's handy to have one of these around just in case. Also, another concern that I have is that many of the conditions you mentioned tend to be associated with goldfish that are in too small of a tank and/or one that is under filtered. Goldfish need large tanks and needs lot of filtration. I have my goldfish in a 150 gallon tank... I know that's quite large, but it is much easier and the fish seem much more healthy. People who have many goldfish in a 10 gallon tank find that their fish have fin rot frequently, and when water parameters get bad, high waste levels goldfish suffer from pop-eye. Keeping up on water changes helps reduce the chances of fish contracting Pop-eye. Good luck with the fish, I do hope they all turn out okay. -Magnus.>

Goldfish 4/10/04 
Thank you very much for your reply - I really should have done more research before purchasing the fish and not listening to the pet shop owner. 
<Always a good idea!> 
To let you know, I called the pet store, and they said that some of their other moor fish from the tank I got mine had bacterial poisoning, and this is why two of the three died. 
<Hmmm, never heard of bacteria that was poisonous.> 
The one fish I still have is about an inch long, and it seems healthy (I removed it from the tank right after talking to the pet store). I have a friend who has a big aquarium, and she's already said she will take care of this fish. 
<Not a good idea, if she has tropical fish. Goldfish are cold water fish & high ammonia/waste producers. Her fish may suffer by adding a GF to the mix.> 
Thank you again for your help, and I plan on writing letter of complaint to the pet store for selling sick fish (and not taking 
care of their fish) and I will also go there personally to complain. 
<Couldn't hurt, but probably won't do any good. That's just the way a lot of stores are. You can either shop around for a new store to shop at, that won't sell sick fish (has tanks marked, "Not For Sale"), or just keep doing research on the fish you want to keep.> 
~Anna 
<Good luck with your remaining fish. ~PP>

Drippy Dropsy
I have several gold fish. One just died and after reading disease symptoms I think he had dropsy (swollen stomach) and ich (white bumps). 
<Sorry for your loss. With Dropsy, be sure to keep your fish in clean well filtered water, failing water conditions is one of the ways goldfish contract dropsy.> 
My question is do I treat the other fish as if they may be infected. 
<yes, I would start treatment in the tank, if one fish had it, then the parasite that caused it is still in the tank, even if the other fish don't show signs. It's a good idea to set up a quarantine tank so down the road if another fish becomes sick you can take it out and medicate it without having to treat the entire tank.> 
One fish is holding its fins close to its body and I am not sure what's wrong. Can you help? 
<when a fish has clamped fins, that's a sign that something is bothering him. I would start off by doing a hefty sized water change, then begin medicating the tank with a medicine like Maracide which is offered by the Mardel company. This seems to work best on my goldfish. follow the package instructions and hopefully the other fish will be okay.> 
Thank Megan 
<Good luck. -Magnus.>

Fish Cancer?
Hi....attached is a picture of my 5 year old Shubunkin, she has what appears to be a tumor just next to the top of her left gill. It is whitish-yellow in color, is not symmetrical, it appeared when she was about 2 years old, and I've always told myself that it is a fat deposit. It continues to grow larger, and today I noticed it has small grey dots on it. 
<first I would like to say that the fish is beautiful colors, I'm sorry to see a fish like that with medical problems. I would guess that the fish does have a tumor, and the problem with tumors is that after a while as it becomes quite large, and secondary skin infections happen.> 
Are tumors common? 
<Sadly they seem more common in goldfish than many other fish.> 
Are they commonly cancerous? 
<Most are, but I've known many fish to live quite a long life with seemingly painful tumors.> 
I lost a shubunkin with a tumor last summer. But hers was different, it simply appeared to be a very round, symmetrical bump under her skin. It was on the top of her head, and she died within a year after it appeared. It continued to grow, and then in the last week of her life, it appeared to break open and the flesh turned grey and dead looking. 
<That is what often times happens with goldfish tumors. the fish lives fine until the tumor should rupture. at which point the fish either the fish dies from the damage or due to secondary bacterial or fungal infections.> 
Is there anything I can do to prolong this fish's life? 
Diane Virginia, USA 
<If you wish to keep it, then you can add medicines to the water to prevent secondary infections from getting to the fish. Use Maracyn-Two, Maracyn, Tetracycline or TriSulfa to prevent secondary infections from bacteria. Good luck -Magnus.>

Upty Down Goldfish
Hi there. We have a 20 gal. tank with a very large goldfish among others. (only 3 fish and two suckers). Tonight we noticed the very large goldfish swimming upside down at the top of the tank.  We got real worried and put him in a separate bowl and changed out half the water. Does this mean that he is dying? Please help. Thank you! 
<it doesn't mean that he is dying, most likely this is due to fish having swim bladder problems. he might simply be having difficulties keeping his buoyancy neutral in the water. You should first start by feeding this goldfish sinking food pellets, many times the larger fish 
will gulp air as they feed an then it's hard for them to bring it back up. If it does continue though, the fish will eventually be stressed so much that it might die. Separating it was a good idea, but you will have to make sure that the water parameters don't get to bad, or the fish can become sick due to high ammonia/nitrite levels. Good luck with the fish and I do hope it improves in health. -Magnus.>

Ich it Ich? Ich... ich!
Hello, I am trying to decide if Moby, my black Oranda, has ich or not. It is mostly located in the spongy part of the head on both sides. Also, these white spots are not located on any other part of the body, just his head. 
<It might not be ich, but a body fungus, many Orandas and goldfish tend to get white spots on their heads which look like ich but are actually fungal infections.> 
He hasn't acted sick or anything and eats very well. I have been treating him with Ich meds but I also have a red capped Oranda in the same tank and this little guy hasn't had one white spot on him at all. One thing I noticed when I brought Moby home two weeks ago, he appeared to be "flirting" with my red Oranda (that died due to the ich meds two days ago) so I didn't know if this behavior had anything to do with it. 
<Often times male goldfish rub their heads against the underside and tail area of the female goldfish before breeding. The problem is that this rubs the protective slime coating from that area of the body and then it opens the fish up to getting skin infections and fungal attacks.> 
I am submitting a picture of what he looks like. 
<Thank you.. a picture is worth a thousand words! It looks more like a true body fungus rather than ich. It's kind of confusing and hard to tell apart, but most likely this is what the fish is suffering from.> 
He is in treatment right now ( one week ) for ich and I haven't noticed any of these white spots disappearing. They seem to be multiplying more. If it is not ich, I will discontinue the ich med so not to cause anymore toxicity to my guys and my plants. 
<I would do a fairly good sized water change, get some freshwater in there then start treatment with something like MarOxy. You can use Maracyn-Two or Maracyn or TriSulfa to prevent secondary infections.> 
Thanks for you help....... Moby's mom. 
<I do hope that Moby gets better. Good luck. -Magnus.>

Black Spot on Goldfish 
Hi, I have a 25 gallon tank with 7 goldfishes: 2 Moor, 4 Comets, and 1 Common. I have bought the fish for 3 days and observed the common goldfish (with black spot on his gills) doesn't swim around and stays at the same place. Yesterday the condition got worse and he only lays on the bottom of the tank. I have also notice that a black-reddish spots with an area approx .5cm increased and has spread through both sides of his gills. Today, I checked and discovered one of the comets also has this black spot on his gills. Therefore I would like to know what would be the cause and how would I go about curing it?? 
Thanks for your help!! Best regards, Dave 
<<Dear Dave; Hello. How long has this tank been set up and running with fish in it? How often do you do water changes, and what are your ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels? Ammonia should be zero, nitrite should be zero, and nitrates kept as low as possible. What size are these goldfish? If they are around two inches in length each, you have a serious overcrowding problem to deal with. Overcrowding not in physical space within the tank, but in the amount of waste such fish will produce on a daily basis, making the water more and more toxic. Yes, perfectly clear water can be quite toxic, you really do need to test all the above in order to know what is going on. If your nitrates are too high, your fish will start to become ill with various bacterial problems. I recommend you get your water checked and let me know your levels. Chances are, if you have caught this disease in time, a bit of salt or Melafix can help. If not, you will need much stronger and more expensive antibiotics. And if the water is too toxic, you will need to do multiple partial water changes to bring the levels down, to keep the fish from becoming worse. Good luck. 
-Gwen>>

Sick Red Oranda 
Hello there. My son got an Oranda about 7 months ago. He kept him in a large bowl until recently when he put him into a 30 gallon tank. He then added a black moor and a pleco. The first day things were great - but then he became quite listless - he was on the bottom of the tank kind of on his side. We moved him back out into his bowl and he perked up for a bit - but is now 
back to the bottom. His mouth is WIDE open and his breathing seems labored.  Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated!! Warmly, Jamie Stouffer 
<<Dear Jamie; It could be something stuck in his mouth. Sounds too simple, but goldfish spend a lot of time taking up and spitting out gravel, searching for food. Perhaps a chunk got jammed in his mouth. If that is not the case, you will need to get your water tested at your local fish store. I recommend it anyways...test for ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate. Get a pH test kit too, it's always good to know the pH of your water, so that if it varies you can fix it. But right now chances are he is suffering or will be suffering soon from an ammonia build-up. This tank will need to cycle. What size are the pleco and moor? Have any of the fish gone through any radical changes, e.g. temperature or pH, and did you de-chlorinate the water? Is there enough water circulation? What is the exact temp in the tank? It sounds like either an ammonia problem, or food. Still, it should take more than one day for the ammonia to get that high in a thirty gallon with three fish. I sincerely recommend you buy yourself some test kits, as goldfish are prodigious waste producers and you will have much more luck with them if you test your water regularly and do the water changes accordingly. Feel free to add some aquarium salt to the tank water. It will help if you add one teaspoon per gallon, gradually. Buy some Doc Wellfish salt at the pet store when you go to get your water tests. -Gwen>>

Sick Black Moor 
Hi, 
Our year old black moor goldfish has been showing signs of illness recently.  The black moor fish has survived 2 other black moors over the year. I could not determine why the other fish died and none of the staff from the store could clearly explain. 
We have noticed small clear-white patches that would come and go near the gills, or on the body, or on the fancy fins. Within the past 3 days, our fish's scales seem to have puffed out or opened up and he looks a bit bloated. He is not as active as usual and sometimes sits very still at the bottom of the tank. However, he knows when it is time to eat and that is the only time I see him get excited anymore.  Yesterday, after explaining the symptoms to the staff at the fish store, he quickly pointed out what he believed the solution to the problem would be.  Bettamax-blended antibiotic capsules. Still, I am not convinced it is the correct treatment since the staff person did not state what the problem is.  Also, over the year our fish sometimes has had stringy, clear bowel 
movements. I am wondering if it is his diet. We started off feeding our fish Tertrafin tropical goldfish flakes; when we had a algae eating snail I would drop algae pellets into the tank to keep the snail from eating the plants, but the pellet would be eaten up by the surviving goldfish; then quickly changed to Tetrafin gold fish flakes as recommended by the store staff. I removed all the 
living plants stopped the algae pellet feedings and the snail died 2 months ago, but we never found the snail's carcass. "What's wrong with my baby?!?" 
<<Hello. Your goldfish has dropsy. This is a symptom of an internal bacterial infection. Most likely caused by high nitrates and improper diet. Yes, the antibiotics will help, and maybe he can survive, but generally by the time the scales begin to protrude it is too late. You can keep trying though, and as long as he is eating there is a chance. Slim, but there. To prevent this in future, you should do some serious reading about goldfish. There are lots of professional sites out there, including this one, that can give you the proper care of goldfish. They are huge waste producers, should receive large water changes weekly, and need to be fed a diet very high in fibre. I recommend you buy some aquarium test kits, for ammonia, nitrite, and nitrates, and learn to use them. If you have more questions, feel free to email me back. Good luck -Gwen>>

Sick Moor 
Hi Gwen, 
Thank you for writing us back. Our fish tank was an inheritance...I am more of a dog lover, but I have grown very attached to our black moor since having it for a year now. Since writing you, I followed through on the steps when signs of distress and disease show. It has helped tremendously. I have also made a point to read more about the fish and the upkeep of eclipse aquariums.  Our fish is now swimming around like normal, still eating, and seems to be doing fine. However, I am concerned about the deterioration is his fins. The very tips of the fins have small holes in them. Also, his bowel movements are now up to every day since the cleansing of the tank. Yesterday, it was more clear and thick instead of the light brown yellowish color. Is that a bad sign?  My last question for you...how long do I leave out the carbon filter when I am treating him with medicine? Thank you much, Eeon 
<<Dear Eeon; Glad to hear! The fins will take some time to heal, up to a week, maybe more. Keep doing the water changes to get the quality as high as possible, and feed him the good stuff, Spirulina flake. Goldfish's bowel movements can change when their diet changes, or water quality. Do not fear, he should do just fine now :) as long as the clear poop stops in a day or two. Poop can be a disease indicator, but don't overreact if it changes color now and then. Leave the carbon out for the duration of the treatment. You can put it back into the filter when the treatment is done, and a water change at that time will help as well. Half the battle is good water quality :) -Gwen>>

Black Moor Goldfish Sick
Hi there Gwen,
Thanks for all the great advice. I did pick up the Spirulina flakes. I was told not to use it everyday. While I was there I picked up another black moor
goldfish...a little one. I wanted a puffer, but they advised not to. I thought my 1 year old fish could use some company. Unfortunately, I may have thought
wrong. The little fish has been pestering the bigger fish by nipping on his fins and under his belly. This would be the 3rd day since I've had the little fish. Should I take him back to the store?  My 1 year old fish has been doing so well and I hate to see all my efforts go in vain because I thought he needed company. The water is up to standards, I clean once a week, I stopped the treatment the day I got the new fish, I added 2 live plants, and I am trying to do all that I need.  Was buying the new little fishy a bad idea?? Sincerely, Eeon
<<Dear Eeon, keeping goldfish together isn't a bad idea, but from time to time you will get one goldfish that picks on another. It's impossible to tell which one will do so, and which won't. If you have a good LFS, they may let you exchange your new lil fishy for another new lil fishy, without charge. Try it and see. Congrats, by the way, on doing such a good job :) -Gwen>>

Black spots on gills
Hi Bob, 
<Hi, you have Magnus on the line this time for help.> 
I have a 25 gallon tank with 7 goldfishes: 2 Moor, 4 Comets, and 1 Common. I have bought the fish for 3 days and observed the common goldfish (with black spot on his gills) doesn't swim around and stays at the same place. 
<It might be a bit to small of a tank for that many fish. Also did you buy these fish all at the same time? If so, then chances are that the water parameters are way off. If you didn't give the tank time to cycle, or added fish to fast, then you most likely have high ammonia levels in the tank. These fish produce a lot of waste and when the ammonia gets to high, goldfish can suffer from something called "Ammonia Burn" when the ammonia levels are so high that it actually turns their skin and fins dark. It's seen on the gills first.> 
Yesterday the condition got worse and he only lays on the bottom of the tank. I have also notice that a black-reddish spots with an area approx .5cm increased and has spread through both sides of his gills. Today, I checked and discovered one of the comets also has this black spot on his gills. Therefore I would like to know what is the problem and how would I go about treating it?? 
Thanks for your help!! 
<You can treat this problem by doing water changes and helping bring down the ammonia levels to a decent and safe level. This will prolong the cycling period, but at least it will have the ammonia/nitrite levels down for the fish to survive. I suggest you get a water testing kit and test you Ammonia, Nitrite, and Nitrate levels in your tank. This will help you further understand the Cycling process in a tank. Remember these fish are messy, they need lots of filtration, cold water, and large enough tank to fit them all.> 
Best regards, Dave 
<good luck. -Magnus>

Fast Fantail Reply - Replay
Gwen, Thank you for your reply. My local pet store does not test aquarium water as you suggested that I do. A test kit to test the three things you mentioned, ammonia, nitrates, and nitrites, costs $45.00. Pet store staff suggested that maybe my fish are not getting enough air and that is why they are laying at the bottom. I have a 5.5 gallon tank with 2 air stones. I think they are getting enough air. Wouldn't they be at the top of the waterline if that was the case? My fantail was doing very well for most of the day on Sunday, but now he is laying back on the bottom with very little movement. Any more suggestions?  Please help! 
P.S. While at the pet store, I did purchase pH 7.5 packets to add to my tank water. Will this help at all? 
<<Hey Christina, sorry to hear your LFS won't test your water. Is that the only store near you? Forgive me for saying so, but that sucks. I know test kits are pricey, which doesn't help. What is your tank pH right now? Don't add the pH packets until your fish recuperates. If your KH is low, the pH will swing, causing him more stress. Adding a couple of reef rocks to the tank is a better idea, and less hard on the fish. The best thing you can do is try to do as many partial water changes as possible to keep your fish healthy. Oxygen is always an issue, but you are right, they would be at the surface. My call is that water quality is the culprit here. Please do weekly water changes! Even twice a week. Remember, those fish will continue to grow, and will need a bigger tank eventually. For water changes made easy, just put a bucket of water aside the night before, then siphon water out of the tank the next day and pour the new water in. Should take you only a few minutes. And try to find another store in your area! -Gwen>>

Black Moor is "Broken"  3/27/04
<Hi, Pufferpunk here, the resident goldfish "fixer" for tonight.>
Hello. I've been reading through the various FAQ's, but I haven't been able to find what I'm looking for. I have sick Sake (like the Japanese alcohol). He's a black moor, medium sized
<How big is that?  Over 2"?>
who's a little under the weather. I have him in a 16 gallon tank with another moor the same size. <could be a little tight for goldfish.>  The pH is 7.3, the nitrate level is 0, and the ammonia is quite high at 4 (as of this morning),
<What about nitrIte?>  
but I just did a partial water change last night and added some AMMO-Stop as well as placing AMMO-Chips in the filter. The filter is a 30 gallon Tetratec PF150 and takes Pro-II cartridges.
<Goldfish are high waste/ammonia producers.  They require heavy filtration & at least 10g/fish when  under 2" & 20g/fish over 2" (body size).  They also need HUGE water changes.  Some long time GF keepers suggest doing 90% weekly water changes is not considered too aggressive (discus keepers do this too).>
I noticed yesterday the he's injured his eyes. It looks almost like a large white stretch mark around the circumference of his eyes. It doesn't quite go all the way around. I had an ammonia meter in the tank (it stuck to the side with a suction cup) which I think might have been the cause of his injury so I removed it. I also removed a plant that he seemed to like getting stuck in from time to time. He's also been hanging around at the top of the tank a lot lately.
<That's from the ammonia poisoning.  Any amount of ammonia or  nitrItes is toxic to a fish.  Water changes & a larger tank will fix that.>  
So I was wondering if you could give me some advice to get him better?
<You could add Melafix for the injury.>
I don't want him to die because he's my favorite. Any information would be appreciated.
Thanks, Paige
<Water changes, water changes, water changes!  ~PP>

Fantail Goldfish problems
My 4" fantail fish is laying at the bottom of the tank almost all the
time. This started after the death of a "partner" fish 2 weeks ago. I
have had "Noah" for 18 months with no problems in the past. His health
seems to be good  otherwise. He is eating pretty good. He shows no signs
of disease. Is it possible that my fish is just "depressed", or are
there other causes for my fish to be laying at the bottom of the tank
almost all the time? Please advise!
<<Hello. You need to take a sample of your tank water to your local fish store as soon as you can, and have them test it for ammonia, nitrite, and nitrates. Write down the results so you remember them. Your ammonia level should be zero, nitrites should be zero, and nitrates between 0-60ppm. If any of these are not in this range, do an immediate water change and email me with the results. You may have to do quite a few more water changes to get your water quality back up. If you do not, your fish will not survive much longer. -Gwen>>

Calico Fantail With Droopy tail
Hi I've had this Calico Fantail for about a year now.  His tail is now drooping downward.  He still eats and is just as active as he was before.  What do you think could be the cause of this?  Thanks
<many times as goldfish age their tails become to large for them to hold up as they did when younger.  It's something that just happens and really isn't able to be fixed.  If it appears to be damaged, from other tankmates, or bumping into something) it might heal itself and return to normal, but chances are that it might continue to droop.  It really shouldn't be to much worry, unless it appears to become infected or begins to bother the fish.   Good luck. -Magnus>

Goldfish acting strange...please help...
Hi. My name is Danielle, and I have a question about my goldfish.
<Hi Danielle, This is Magnus.  Ask away!>
I bought 2 feeder fish at Wal-mart 2 years ago, and they have both survived thus far.
<congrats!>
They were about 1/2" long when I bought them, and are now about 4 1/2" each. They live together in a 20 gallon aquarium (my college does not permit anything larger, or i would have a bigger tank). Today I came back from classes to see one of them resting on the bottom of the tank. At first, I thought that it may have had a piece of gravel stuck in its mouth, but i do not see anything. I checked my PH levels and ammonia, and everything is normal. She is eating, and every once and a while she will swim around, but mostly just rests on the bottom, but is upright. She does not look odd, and I can't find any info on the internet. I do know that the power went off in the building for about an hour today, but I don't know if that would effect her. My other goldfish is fine. Any help would be great. Thank you. Danielle
<She might be becoming having the start of declining health.  I've seen goldfish do that when the water parameters are slightly off, or something had been inadvertently dropped into the tank.  My suggestion is to do a water change, vacuum the gravel extremely well and add a broad base medicine like Maracide (from Mardel company).  This should help the situation.  I have also used Melafix on my goldfish which works very nicely for general health issues, though it does have a sort of pungent smell that your dorm might not like.  Keep a close eye on your fish, and make sure it doesn't start to show other problems (whitish film, spots, fin rot...) Good luck. -Magnus>

Fin missing
Dear Team,
I have six feeder comets in a 10 gal tank, ranging from .75 to 1.5 inches. They appeared healthy since I got them one month ago. Fed flakes. I change 2 gall water every 4-5 days. Ammonia zero, nitrates & nitrites normal. pH 6.8, temp 72 deg F.
<sounds like you are on a good start.>
This morning the baby of the bunch (.75 Inches) was missing most of its dorsal fin. No blood nor other marks/stains. Behaves OK. No other fish affected (yet?) No aggressive fish.
Fin rot or injury? Kindly advise. Charlene Kotze
<Fin rot doesn't happy overnight, it is caused by a fungus that will spread on the fish.  the fins will appear white and literally begin to rot away.  Most likely it was nipped off by another fish, or it might have been caught on something in the tank, inside the filter intake, etc...  It's unusual for a dorsal fin to be nipped off on a goldfish, it might simply have been a freak accident/occurrence.  I would worry about secondary infections, the fish might contract fin rot near the damaged fins.  Keep an eye on the fish and have medicines ready incase the fish should become infected.  The Medicines from the Mardel company work extremely well.  good luck. -Magnus>

Goldfish Waste Color
In a site on buying a goldfish it said that the waste should be dark in color not light. Why?
<<Hello. Goldfish waste is generally the color of the food they eat. Long, stringy, light-colored waste can indicate an internal bacterial infection. Watch the fish you want to buy to see if they have trouble swimming properly, if they gasp (breathe too fast) or if they seem lethargic. Fancy goldfish are susceptible to many problems due to their compact body shape. Feel free to read our Goldfish FAQ's here at WetWebMedia. -Gwen>>

Constipated Goldfish?  3/16/04
<Hi, Pufferpunk here tonight>
Dear Crew,
I have two Comet Goldfish.  One silver, the other orange.  I have had them for almost 10 years.  
<That's great, you must be doing something right!>
They are in a 30 gallon rectangular tank with a box
filter an aerator.  The silver one has developed a case of severe bloating in its lower abdomen.  It's blown to almost 3 times its normal size.  Its scales are not popping off, but its skin is becoming very stretched.  This started almost 5 months
ago and it only gets worse.  I'm assuming that its constipation because the fish is lively and still eats.  Also, I've read that fish usually die of parasites and whatnot within a few weeks.  It does not hide in the corner and it seems to have its bearings correct.  It does not float upside down.  It still can dart very quickly around the tank. From what I understand about dropsy it does not exhibit any signs of it (scales normal, fins normal, behavior normal).  There are no outward signs of infection of any kind.  Only the silver fish has this condition.  The orange fish is still lively as ever.  At the start, I believed it to be some sort of bacterial infection.  So, on the advice of the pet store guy I changed the water completely and treated the tank and fish with broad spectrum antibiotics.  
<Water changes are always good.  I do 50% weekly water changes on all my tanks.  Some say that on a goldfish tank, 90% weekly water changes is not considered too aggressive.>
I followed the directions on the box for the full two weeks.  No change in the fish.  Then I suspected it to be constipation so I tried boiled and skinned peas for an entire week.  I gave up on that when the fish exhibited no change except for a more bloated abdomen.  I went back to the pet store.  The guy told me to
try internal parasite meds (I don't recall the name).  That didn't work.  A month after that, I heard about giving the fish some peas AND spinach.  I tried that, no change.  I've been going on and off of peas for the remainder of the time.
<Peas certainly can't hurt & are a good addition to any GF's diet.>
I read in an email answer (archived on your website) that sometimes the intestine is obstructed and there is nothing that can be done.  However, for the past 5 months the fish has been--albeit slowly--defecating.  This morning I saw it expel some fibrous green stuff (I'm assuming its peas/spinach) along with what appeared to be two air bubbles in the "sausage casing."
<That's normal.  I'm glad it's still defecating.>
I don't want it to die because of something like constipation.
<I'd like to see you try adding Epsom salt to it's tank (or a quarantine tank, if you have one). 1tbsp/5gal for 2 weeks.  Do 50% water changes every other day adding whatever salt you have removed.  See if that helps.  If not, write again & we'll see what else we can come up with.>    
Please give me your advice.  Thanks.
- Paul
P.S. I read somewhere that giving the fish some cod liver oil via a dropper in its mouth will relieve constipation, but it sounds risky and I'm a little skeptical.
<Please capitalize your "I"s next time, I have to fix all of them before posting your question on our site.  Try the Epsom salt 1st--PP>

Not so golden Goldfish
my goldfish was solid orange-but now the fins have lost their color and  have turned white. the body now has white spots on it-not like salt- like the scales just lost their color.  what is wrong with them?
<if the spots were small then the fish has Ick (Ichthyophthirius), a most serious parasitic disease. Almost all fish are susceptible. But, since it's seems to be loosing the color and fins are turning white, rather than small spots on the body it might be something along the lines of a fungus or the start of fin rot.  I suggest you treat the fish with Mardel's Maracyn.  This should help the goldfish get back to health.>
are they getting old?
<Goldfish will live for 15-20 years quite easily given the proper home.  I have a goldfish that is a decade old.>
I've been putting stuff in my tank for ick-just in case.  please help, Ashley
<good luck- Magnus>